<p>Keith-Albee is a theatre located along Fourth Avenue in downtown Huntington, West Virginia in the United States of America. The Keith-Albee was named after the Keith-Albee-Orpheum Corporation, one of the leading vaudeville performance chains at that time, to convince the directors of Keith-Albee-Orpheum to make the Keith-Albee a regular stop. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as part of the Downtown Huntington Historic District, and is currently being restored as a performing arts center.</p><br>
<h2>Early history</h2><br>
<p>The Keith-Albee Theatre in downtown Huntington, West Virginia opened to the public on May 7, 1928. Brothers A. B. and S. J. Hyman built the Keith and added it to their list of theaters along with the State, Orpheum and Huntington.</p><br>
<p>The new theater was constructed under the supervision of vaudeville tycoons B. F. Keith and Edward Albee, becoming a part of their Keith-Albee circuit, the premier vaudeville tour on the East Coast of the United States. The talented architect, Scottish-born Thomas W. Lamb designed the Keith-Albee. Lamb designed approximately 153 theaters around the world. Unfortunately, only forty-three of these grand theaters are still open, and seventy-one have been demolished. Keith and Albee oversaw the construction of two other Lamb-designed theaters at the same time as Huntington&#39;s Keith-Albee. The Stanley Theater in Utica, New York has been completely renovated and hosts a wide variety of performances. Keith’s Theater in Flushing, New York sits barren and gutted, awaiting demolition. Seating approximately 3,000 patrons, it exemplified the opulence and grandeur of the 1920s with a Mexican Baroque design style. Intricate plasterwork, chandeliers, and balconies create an atmosphere of sophistication, along with cosmetic rooms, smoking rooms, and fireplaces for men and women in the restrooms adjoining the main lobby.</p><br>
<p>The Keith-Albee Theatre, which cost $2 million to construct in 1928, was dubbed a “temple of amusement” by Huntington’s Herald-Dispatch newspaper. The opening day performance on May 8, 1928 featured performer Rae Samuels, nicknamed the “Blue Streak of Vaudeville” for her versatile acting ability. The theatre survived a major flood in 1937.</p><br>
<p>The Keith-Albee Theatre was equipped with a Wurlitzer organ to accompany live performances and motion pictures. The organ was capable of creating almost any sound effect needed for silent films shown in the theater. This original organ was removed and sold in the 1950s after live music had lost some of its appeal. However, as a result of significant effort by Huntington native Robert Edmunds and his Huntington Theatre Organ Project, Inc., a 1927 Wurlitzer organ was purchased and reinstalled in the Keith-Albee in 2001.</p><br>
<p>The Marshall Artists Series, was formed in 1936 and moved to the Keith-Albee in 1939. The Artists Series continues to bring a wide variety of entertainment to Huntington at the Keith-Albee including film festivals, Broadway shows, orchestras, and comedians. The Marshall Artists Series is a nonprofit organization based at Marshall University.</p><br>
<p>In the 1960s and 70’s, the Keith-Albee and the Hyman family began to feel the impact of the growing television and motion picture industry. Faced with significant competition from surround sound multi-plexes springing up all over the country, the Hyman’s opted to convert the main auditorium into a three screen movie theater. Two smaller theaters were constructed in the east and west sections of the main auditorium. A fourth theater, and also the smallest, was later added in a retail space facing Fourth Avenue. It is now our screening room.</p><br>
<p>In celebration of its 50th anniversary, the Keith-Albee featured a recreation of a vaudeville show starring famed singer Rudy Vallee. In 1988 the theater hosted a pre-screening benefit of the blockbuster movie Rainman. Actor Dustin Hoffman, as well as director Barry Levinson and producer Mark Johnson, traveled to Huntington and attended the benefit. Hoffman won the Academy Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role for his portrayal of an autistic savant in Rainman. Levinson and Johnson also won Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture, respectively.</p><br>
<p>In December 2006, the Keith Albee hosted the world premiere of the Warner Brothers motion picture "We Are Marshall, the real-life story that begins with the 1970 plane crash that killed all 74 people aboard - Marshall football players, coaches and team supporters. The film&#39;s star, Academy Award® winner Matthew McConaughey, filmed much of the movie on location in Huntington and spoke at the premiere. He portrayed real-life Coach Jack Lengyel, who rebuilt the team to victory against all odds the year following the crash. Coach Lengyel was also honored at spoke at the sold-out "We Are Marshall" event.</p><br>
<p>In January 2006 the Keith-Albee Theatre closed as a functioning movie theater and after almost eighty years of ownership, the Hyman family made the most generous donation of this local institution to the Marshall University Foundation, Inc. who in turn passed it on to the newly formed Keith-Albee Performing Arts Center Foundation.</p><br>
<h2>The movie theatre and the present day</h2><br>
<p>As vaudeville suffered a major decline in the 1930s, the Keith-Albee began to run movies. By the 1970s grand movie houses were being torn down to make way for larger cinemas. However, the citizens of Huntington chose to save the theatre from closure and the wrecking ball. The Hyman family decided to convert the grand Keith-Albee into three separate theatres. A fourth theatre was later added in a former retail space. In 1986, the Keith-Albee was placed on the Register of Historical Places in conjunction with several blocks of downtown Huntington. The Marshall University Foundation took a 99-year lease on the theatre back in 1990 and renovations were conducted in the 1990s. In 2004, a large cinema opened in Pullman Square, seriously damaging the Keith-Albees business. On January 22, 2006, the Keith-Albee stopped being an active movie theater. After a brief transfer to the Marshall University Foundation, Keith-Albee Performing Arts Center, Inc. has taken control of the theatre and will convert the Keith-Albee into a performing arts center. Throughout 2006, contractors and volunteers have worked to repair years of wear and to restore portions of the theatre to their original form. Along with many less visible projects, the partitions installed at the height of the theatres days as a movie theatre were removed, reducing the three rooms to the original one. On December 12, 2006 the Keith-Albee hosted the world premiere of the movie We Are Marshall with actors Matthew McConaughey, Matthew Fox and director Joseph McGinty Nichol attending. The theatre itself even makes a cameo appearance in the movie.</p><br>
<p>Today, KAPAC is in the midst of a $12 million Capital Campaign to continue the historic preservation and revitalization of the Keith-Albee Theatre. Its presence in the center of Downtown Huntington is valuable to community development, artistic enrichment and new programming for adults, students and children. KAPAC is also a member of the Washington, DC based National Trust for Historic Preservation.</p><br>
<p>The Bourke Isles are a group of islands in the Torres Strait Islands archipelago, located west of the Cumberland Passage in the Torres Strait in Queensland, Australia. The isles are situated approximately 130 km northeast of Thursday Island and 54 km southwest of Darnley Island. The Bourke Isles are located within the Torres Strait Island Region local government area.</p><br>
<p>The islands were named in 1836 by Charles Lewis, the Commander of colonial schooner Isabella, in honour of Richard Bourke, at the time, the Governor of New South Wales.</p><br>
<p>The Bourke Isles includes:</p><br>
<p>Aukane Islet</p><br>
<p>Aureed Island</p><br>
<p>Kabbikane Islet</p><br>
<p>Layoak Islet</p><br>
<p>Mimi Islet</p><br>
<p>Roberts Islet</p><br>
<p>Yam Island</p><br>
<p>The Carter-Moriah Range of mountains is located in the White Mountains, in Coos County, New Hampshire. The range forms the northern east side of Pinkham Notch, opposite the northern Presidential Range. The range is also referred to as the Carter Range.</p><br>
<h2>Summits</h2><br>
<p>From north to south:</p><br>
<p>While not strictly part of the range, Wildcat Mountain (1,345 m / 4,422 ft) * stands southwest of Carter Dome, facing it across Carter Notch.</p><br>
<p>The summits marked with an asterisk (*) are included on the Appalachian Mountain Club&#39;s peak-bagging list of "Four-thousand footers" in New Hampshire; the others are excluded, in some cases because of insufficient elevation and in others because of insufficient topographic prominence.</p><br>
<h2>Watersheds</h2><br>
<p>The Carter-Moriah Range drains to the northwest into the Peabody River and to the southeast into the Wild River. Both flow into the Androscoggin River—at Gorham, New Hampshire and Gilead, Maine respectively—and thence into the Atlantic Ocean on the coast of Maine.</p><br>
<p>The Staffora is a river of the Oltrepò Pavese in the Province of Pavia, north-west Italy and a right-side tributary of the Po. It is probably the river known to the Romans as the Iria.</p><br>
<h2>Course</h2><br>
<p>The river rises in the Ligurian Apennines at the Fontana di S. Giacomo, elevation 1,343 m, near the Passo del Giovà, which lies just to the east of the peak of Monte Chiappo in the commune of Santa Margherita di Staffora. It flows at first through a deep and narrow valley, receiving from the right the waters of the torrents Montagnola and Aronchio before reaching Varzi where the valley begins to widen. The torrent Crenna enters from the right and the Lella from the left before the Staffora receives its major affluents: from the right: the torrent Nizza at Ponte Nizza and the torrent Ardivestra at Godiasco and from the left the torrent Semola near Ponte Nizza. The river flows through Salice Terme (administratively a frazione of Godiasco) before entering the Pianura Padana at Rivanazzano Terme. The Staffora then passes through the eastern outskirts of Voghera, the principal town on its course, before entering the Po near Cervesina.</p><br>
<h2>Regime</h2><br>
<p>Although the river flows throughout the year, fed by perennial springs as well as by seasonal rains and melting ice, the regime is torrential: its discharge can vary between 0.7 and</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The river is usually identified with the Roman Iria, following the derivation of ‘Voghera’, which lies of the left bank of the Staffora, from Vicus Iria. Some, however, have identified the Iria with the Scrivia.</p><br>
<p>The word ‘Stàffora’, once ‘Stàfula’, comes from the Lombard "Staffel", which first referred to a place on the river’s course near Voghera: cascina Stàffela.</p><br>
<p>The Little Carpathians  are a low, about 100 km long, mountain range, part of the Carpathian Mountains. The mountains are situated in Western Slovakia, covering the area from Bratislava to Nové Mesto nad Váhom, and northeastern Austria, where a very small part called Hundsheimer Berge  is located south of the Devín Gate. The Little Carpathians are bordered by Záhorie Lowland in the west and the Danubian Lowland in the east.</p><br>
<p>In 1976, the Little Carpathians were declared a protected area under the name Little Carpathians Protected Landscape Area, covering 646.1 km&sup2;. The area is rich in flora and fauna diversity and contains numerous castles, most notably the Bratislava Castle and caves, Driny being the only one open to the public. The three highest mountains are Záruby at 768 m, Vysoká at 754 m and Vápenná at 752 m.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Geomorphologically, the Little Carpathians belong into the Alps-Himalaya System, the Carpathian Mountains sub-system, its province Western Carpathians and its subprovince the Inner Western Carpathians.</p><br>
<p>The Little Carpathians are further divided into four parts (from south to north): Devín Carpathians (Devínske Karpaty), Pezinok Carpathians (Pezinské Karpaty), Brezová Carpathians (Brezovské Karpaty) and Čachtice Carpathians (Čachtické Karpaty).</p><br>
<p>The mountains are densely forested (90% being broad-leaved trees), the southeastern part contains extensive vineyards (e.g. Rača, Pezinok, Modra). Several castles or castle ruins are situated in the Little Carpathians, for example Devín Castle, Čachtice Castle, Červený Kameň Castle, and Smolenice Castle.</p><br>
<p>Geologically, the mountain range is part of the Tatra-Fatra Belt of core mountains. There are several active faults which produced earthquakes in the past. Of them the most notable is the Dobra Voda fault (1906 and 1930 produced 8.5° and 7.5° EMS-98 or equal to M_\mathrm=5.7 and 5.0). This particular fault is also closely monitored because of its proximity to the NPP Jaslovske Bohunice (approx. 15 km away).</p><br>
<p>There are together eight karst areas in the Little Carpathians: the Devín Carpathians karst, Borinka (Pajštún) karst, Cajlan karst, Kuchyňa-orešany karst, Plavecký karst, Smolenice karst, Dobrovodský karst, and Čachtice karst. The most important karst forms include caves Deravá, Tmavá skala, Driny, Čachtická cave and caves along the Borinský potok. Driny, a limestone cave, is the only cave open to public. Major streams include Vydrica and Suchý jarok. The Little Carpathians are seismically one of the most active regions in Slovakia and epicentres of earthquakes with approximate magnitude of 2.5 on Richter magnitude scale scale are located here.</p><br>
<h2>Highest peaks</h2><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>While being a low mountain range, the Little Carpathians were always considered a mountain barrier due to being surrounded by various lowlands, often attaining a prominence of 500 meters. In the past, various types of ore were mined in the Little Carpathians used for the production of gold, silver, antimony, manganese and pyrite.</p><br>
<p>During the Second World War, the Little Carpathians were the birthplace of the partisan group Janko Kráľ. Insurgency in the mountains lasted until the occupation by the Soviet Red Army in 1945.</p><br>
<h2>Tourism</h2><br>
<p>The Little Carpathians are a popular tourist destination in Western Slovakia and the mountains are used for hiking, cycling, tramping, backpacking, automobile and motorcycle tourism,</p><br>
<p>skiing, cross-country skiing and other winter sports. The mountain range contains a dense network of trails and the recreational infrastructure is relatively well developed, especially in the south. The Little Carpathians are a popular destination for the inhabitants of Bratislava and other larger cities in the region. Since the Middle Ages, the area is known for its wines and wine-making traditions. Well known centers of local wine-making include Svätý Jur, Modra and Pezinok.</p><br>
<p>The main tourist centers include the Slovak capital Bratislava, Pezinská Baba (halfway between Pezinok and Pernek) and Zochova chata (near Modra).</p><br>
<h2>Images</h2><br>
<p>The John Gilmore Riley House is a historic home in Tallahassee, Florida. It is located at 419 East Jefferson Street. On August 1, 1978, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>John G. Riley</h2><br>
<p>John G. Riley was a prominent member of the African American community in Tallahassee. He was born a slave in 1857 and died a millionaire in 1954. Riley was the principal of the Lincoln Academy from 1892 until 1926. This school was later named Lincoln High School. The house, a vernacular wood framed home, was constructed in 1895 and remained in the family until 1970. Today it is known as the John G. Riley Center/Museum of African American History and Culture.</p><br>
<p>Constructed in 1890, the Riley House is the last physical evidence of a thriving middle-class African American community that existed in downtown Tallahassee at the turn of the 20th century. More than a historical landmark, the house is a noble witness to progress and the ability of its owner to succeed despite the odds. Unlike many other historic facilities in Tallahassee, the Riley House has humble beginnings. There was no dramatic transfer by will; neither did it come with a trust account or other means to help sustain operations or address perpetual needs of maintenance and security.</p><br>
<p>The original owner, John Gilmore Riley, was born into slavery in 1857. A largely self-taught person, he was chosen on December 1, 1881, to teach at Lincoln High School in Tallahassee and on September 10, 1892 he was selected principal of the school and served until retirement in 1926. Lincoln was one of three freedmen schools in Florida to provide secondary instruction for former slaves and their descendents.</p><br>
<p>The Riley House was abandoned in 1973. It was restored in 1981 and purchased by the John G. Riley Foundation, Inc. and established as a museum in December 1995.</p><br>
<p>The Mingachevir reservoir  is a large reservoir in northwestern Azerbaijan. It is the largest reservoir in the Caucasus.</p><br>
<h2>Overview</h2><br>
<p>The reservoir was built on a section of Kura River flowing through Mount Bozdağ in 1953. The filling capacity of the reservoir is 83 m whereas the volume is 15.73 km³. It has been filled to its maximum levels in 1959, 1963, 1968, 1973, 1975, 1976, 1978, 1988 and 2010. The length is 70 km and width is 18 km. Maximum depth is 75 m, average depth - 26 m. The length along the shoreline is 247 km, the overall area is 605 km&sup2;. The largest hydroelectric power station of Azerbaijan is located on the reservoir. Mingachevir Hydro Power Plant has an installed electric capacity of 401.6 megawatts. The length of the hydroelectric dam is 1,550 m, its width is 16 m and height is 80 m.</p><br>
<p>The reservoir supplies water to Upper Karabakh and Upper Shirvan channels. It is also a source for fishing, water supplies and irrigation.</p><br>
<h2>As a possible military target</h2><br>
<p>Within the context of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, scholars and politicians have speculated the possibility of the Mingachevir reservoir being used as a military target by Armenian forces in case of another war. Russian ethnographer Sergey Arutyunov stated in a 2010 interview:</p><br>
<p>In the aftermath of the 2014 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes, Armenias Defense Minister Seyran Ohanyan stated at the government session on August 7 that the Troops of the Civil Defense of the Azerbaijani Ministry of Emergency Situations have recently been mainly protecting the Mingachevir Hydro Power Plant fearing an attack by the Armenian forces. In response, the Azerbaijani Defense Ministry issued a statement the next day which said that "the Armenian people should know that the response to any sabotage attempts against Mingachevir Hydro Power Plant from the Armenian side will be more miserable" and cautioned that Azerbaijan had the capability to raze Yerevan, Armenias capital.</p><br>
<p>Telman Zeynalov, president of the National Center of Environmental Forecasting, said in an interview that the entire area from Arran (i.e. the great triangle of land, lowland in the east but rising to mountains in the west, formed by the junction of the rivers Kura and Aras) to Baku, the Azerbaijani capital, would be flooded if Mingachevir dam was destroyed. In his words, it would lead to a "large-scale environmental disaster." Zeynalov added that the Armenian side should be cautious because the flooding "would affect both sides" and most of Armenian-controlled Karabakh would also be flooded. The latter claim was rejected by Armenian analyst Hrant Melik-Shahnazaryan who stated that the waters of the Mingachevir reservoir cannot possibly reach the highlands of Karabakh.</p><br>
<p>The Thomas V. Porter House is a historic home in Jacksonville, Florida. It is located at 510 Julia Street, and was designed by New York City architect Henry John Klutho. On May 13, 1976, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The mansion was constructed for Thomas V. Porter, a successful businessman in wholesale groceries and, later, a developer. When it was constructed in 1902, the mansion faced Church street at the corner of Julia. This intersection was among the most prominent residential areas of Downtown after the Great Fire of 1901, with the stately home of USA Senator James P. Taliaferro across the street from the Porter residence, and the mansion of Mayor Duncan U. Fletcher (later USA Senator) on the opposite corner.</p><br>
<p>In 1902, Henry J. Klutho, 28, already a pioneer of modern American architecture was selected to design the mansion, which the architect described as "Classic Colonial", as one of his first commissions after the Great Fire of 1901. His Dyal-Upchurch Building and Jacksonville City Hall were also being completed that same year. The highlight of the Porter mansion is the grand two-story portico with six Corinthian columns, a serpentine balcony and a coffered ceiling. The mansard roof originally had a widows walk. Initially the mansion featured an ornate one-story veranda on three sides. This colonnaded veranda was removed when the mansion was purchased in 1925 by the First Christian Church, which moved Porters home around the corner to its present location. The church used the mansion as offices and Sunday school classrooms. They also added a two story section to the rear of the mansion for additional office space.</p><br>
<p>The Knott is a fell in the English Lake District, standing above Hayeswater in the Far Eastern Fells. It is an outlier of Rampsgill Head, being the high point of the ridge from there to Rest Dodd.</p><br>
<h2>Topography</h2><br>
<p>The ridge from Rampsgill Head travels north westerly, with The Knott protruding from the south west side. The topography here is unusual, with Well Gill flowing along the top of the broad ridge for nearly half a mile, before finally running down the south western flank as Sulphury Gill.</p><br>
<p>The small lake of Hayeswater lies below The Knott on this flank, at the bottom of steep scree slopes. A deep gully runs down the fellside from just south of the summit. Viewed from this side The Knott is an impressive conical summit, although its inferiority to Rampsgill Head is apparent from other directions. The north eastern side of the ridge falls over rough ground to the head of Rampsgill in the Martindale catchment.</p><br>
<p>After passing Sulphury Gill, the ridge continuing from The Knott turns northward to the rounded dome of Rest Dodd.</p><br>
<h2>Summit</h2><br>
<p>The summit is grassy with a small cairn and a ridgeline wall passes within a few yards. The view west is good with all of the 3,000 ft tops in sight. Ullswater can also be seen and Hayeswater and Brothers Water can be brought into view by moving a little to the south west.</p><br>
<h2>Ascents</h2><br>
<p>The usual route of ascent is from Hartsop via Hayeswater. An old zig-zag climbs from just below the tarn although, predictably, more modern walkers have felt a need to cut the corners. A good path leads south from The Knott, via the slopes of Rampsgill Head, to High Street.</p><br>
<p>John James Audubon State Park is located on U. S. Route 41 in Henderson, Kentucky, just south of the Ohio River. Its inspiration is John James Audubon, the ornithologist, naturalist and painter who resided in Henderson from 1810 to 1819 when Henderson was a frontier village.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>John James Audubon operated small businesses in Henderson, Kentucky with mixed success, but his passion was exploring the forests of the region and sketching and painting wildlife, particularly birds.</p><br>
<p>In 1934, the Wolf Hills area in Henderson was selected for a new state park (meeting the minimum 300 acres needed for park development). Susan Towles, a Henderson librarian, supplied the necessary research and documentation to establish a historic connection to the land.</p><br>
<p>In September 1934, a Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) base Camp Cromwell (named in honor of the Director of the Kentucky State Parks, Emma Guy Cromwell) was established off US 41 near John James Audubon State Park. After the 300-acres was procured for park development, approximately 200 CCC, Company 1540 employees were dispatched from their West Virginia base to Henderson where they were joined by others including several Henderson natives. Over the next four years the CCC drained swamps, build two lakes and developed trails and roads. With the help of the Works Progress Administration (WPA), the park shelters, the Tea House (presently the park office), and the Audubon Museum were constructed from local stone and mill work.The entire project cost approximately $500,000.</p><br>
<p>Progress on the park was not always smooth. There were long delays caused by lack of funds and disagreements over the park&#39;s focus. Henderson attorney and businessman Gibney Oscar Letcher helped guide the project along; working among the CCC, WPA, National Park Service, Kentucky Department of Parks, local contractors and suppliers, the Audubon Park Committee and the Audubon family descendants.</p><br>
<p>The Wilderness Lake was completed in the spring of 1938 but the work continued slowly on the Tea House and gardens, the recreational lake, the roads and the cottages. The Tea House was completed in June 1940 and served three meals daily until December 1941. In the spring of 1941, the cottages were completed and the recreational lake was excavated and filled. That completed the work under the federal New Deal programs.</p><br>
<p>After the attack on Pearl Harbor, December 7, 1941, Kentucky and the nation prepared for war. Camp Cromwell was converted into a Naval Cadet Aviation Training School during the war and supervised by Evansville College (presently the University of Evansville).</p><br>
<p>After WWII, attention returned to John James Audubon State Park. Beginning in 1948 and lasting until 1955, a program of restoration and construction was carried out. Some of the projects completed were new museum lighting installation; picnic area, bathhouse and beach, landscaping, parking, lake dam and shelter construction. From 1960 to 1969 another $500,000 was invested in the park with construction of a camping area and nine-hole golf course. Additional land was acquired bringing the park to nearly 700 acres. New picnic shelters and employee housing were also constructed.</p><br>
<p>The park was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.</p><br>
<p>In 1990 the state General Assembly allocated $2.5 million for a thorough renovation of the museum and the additional 9,500 ft&sup2; nature center to promote the study of nature. In the spring of 1992, the largest renovation in the museum&#39;s 54-year history began and in December 1993 the refurbished and expanded museum reopened.</p><br>
<h2>Audubon Museum</h2><br>
<p>The museum design is French heritage. The style also permitted the inclusion of small niches in the museum tower for nesting birds.</p><br>
<p>Alice Tyler, widow of J. J. Audubons great-grandson, Leonard Sanford Tyler, had been in contact with Susan Towles during the parks development. It was her wish that the large personal collection of Audubon material in her possession be placed on loan in the new Audubon Museum. Mrs. Tyler shipped her collection to Henderson in the spring of 1938 and the museum opened July 16, 1938.</p><br>
<p>The Tyler collection was later purchased in 1994 through numerous donations made to the, as well as contributions from the Preston Foundation and the.</p><br>
<p>Today, the museum proudly displays one of the worlds largest collections of original Audubon art that made the wildlife artist a legend. But it is the personal artifacts and memorabilia that portray the often difficult life of Audubon - more starving artist than artistic success. The museums four exhibit halls chronicle Audubon&#39;s life, including his 1810–1819 residence in Henderson, Kentucky. Highlights of the collection include the American Bald Eagle oil, a four-volume edition of the Birds of America, a personal seal, handwritten journals, the silver service Audubon sent from England to his devoted wife, Lucy (replacing the service set that was lost during bankruptcy).</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Audubon Park consists of approximately 700 acre, primarily hilly forests that include 338 acre dedicated by the Kentucky State Nature Preserves Commission with old-growth trees and trails.</p><br>
<p>Highlights include the internationally acclaimed Audubon Museum that features numerous valuable examples of Audubon art as well as a gift shop and nature center; a nine-hole golf course; six cottages; a 69 acre campground that accommodates tents and campers; a 28 acre manmade fishing lake with rental pedal boats; 6.5 mi of forest hiking trails; tennis courts; four picnic shelters; and playground.</p><br>
<p>A variety of year-round, interpretive programs are conducted under the direction of a full-time naturalist and museum educator. Programs focus on art history, as well as native plants, animals, conservation and recycling.</p><br>
<p>Audubon Park receives local support from a not-for-profit organization, the.</p><br>
<p>Deogyusan, formerly spelled Togyusan, is a mountain in South Korea. Its highest peak is 1,614 meters above sea level.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Deogyusan stands on the border of Jeollabuk-do and Gyeongsangnam-do, covering portions of Muju and Jangsu Counties in Jeollabuk-do and Geochang and Hamyang Counties in Gyeongsangnam-do.</p><br>
<p>Deogyusan stands on the Baekdudaegan, the mountainous spine of the Korean Peninsula. It is composed of numerous ridges which rise to various local peaks; the highest (by which the mountain&#39;s elevation is measured) is Hyangjeokbong.</p><br>
<h2>Attractions</h2><br>
<p>Deogyusan is the cornerstone of Deogyusan National Park, established 1975. The attractions of the park include the Chiryeon Waterfall and Cheoksan mountain fortress. It is also famous for the winter ski resort of Muju.</p><br>
<h2>Animal and plant life</h2><br>
<p>Approximately 250 animal species and 600 plant species are found in the Deogyusan area. An Amur Leopard was shot on Deogyusan in 1960, a few years before the species disappeared from South Korea.</p><br>
<p>The Seomjin River is a river in South Korea. It drains southeastern Jeollabuk-do as well as eastern Jeollanam-do and western Gyeongsangnam-do provinces, and flows into the Korea Strait. The Seomjin rises from Palgongsan and flows for 212.3 kilometers before reaching its final destination in Gwangyang, where it enters Gwangyang Bay.</p><br>
<p>The Seomjin watershed comprises some 4,896.5 km². This area includes both farmland and a great deal of pristine mountain country, including the Jirisan area. A wide variety of animals are found along the river, including the European otter, Lutra lutra. Principal tributaries include the Boseong River and Yocheon stream.</p><br>
<p>The name "Seomjin" literally means "toad ferry." This name is believed to date from Hideyoshi&#39;s invasions of Korea in the 1590s. According to legend, a swarm of toads blocked the Japanese army from crossing the Seomjin into northern Jeolla.</p><br>
<p>Allen Crags is a fell in the English Lake District, it lies in a group of very popular hills and is regarded as part of the Scafell group of fells. It is a hill that is frequently traversed by walkers along its ridge but is seldom climbed as the sole objective.</p><br>
<h2>Name</h2><br>
<p>The name originates from “Alein” or “Aleyn” which was a popular personal name after the Norman conquest of England, it is of Breton origin and the fell was named after an unknown French conqueror.</p><br>
<h2>Topography</h2><br>
<p>Allen Crags is situated at the southern end of a 6 km long north-south ridge that starts at Stonethwaite in Borrowdale and concludes at the strategically important mountain pass of Esk Hause. The fell is craggy and rocky and falls away steeply to the head of the Langstrath valley on its eastern side while its western flanks are characterised by grey slabs of rock and are less precipitous as they fall away to Grains Gill. To the north Allen Crags is connected to the fell of Glaramara by a three kilometre undulating ridge which is a joy to walk taking in three subsidiary tops along the way to the main top. To the south the fell drops 80 m to connect with the mountain pass of Esk Hause from where it is possible to reach the neighbouring fells of Esk Pike and Great End and even Scafell Pike with a little more effort.</p><br>
<h2>Geology</h2><br>
<p>The summit rocks comprise the laminated volcaniclastic claystones and siltstones of the Esk Pike Formation. There is a narrow intrusion of andesite and hybridized andesite porphyry running across the high point. The majority of the ridge displays the underlying dacitic welded lapilli-tuff of the Lincomb Tarns Formation.</p><br>
<h2>Ascents</h2><br>
<p>As mentioned Allen Crags is quite often approached along its northern ridge from Glaramara and this is the most popular ascent of the fell. However, a direct climb is possible from Borrowdale ascending the Grains Gill path from Seathwaite to Esk Hause and then climbing easily up the fell from the south. The fell can also be included in a 15 km horseshoe walk from Seathwaite also taking in Seathwaite Fell as well as Glaramara and Allen Crags.</p><br>
<h2>Summit</h2><br>
<p>The top of the fell has three cairns with the middle one set on rocks being the highest. The highlight of the view is an excellent vista of Great Gable, the southern part of the view is restricted by higher fells but the northern panorama from west to east is a fine view.</p><br>
<p>The Murphy-Burroughs House, also known as the Burroughs Home and Gardens, is a historic home in Fort Myers, Florida, United States. It is located at 2505 1st Street. On August 1, 1984, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Burroughs Home provides living history tours and functions as an event venue. The three-story home sits on the Caloosahatchee.The beautiful veranda wraps around 3 sides of the house. Mona&#39;s Dancing Porch extends from the East side of the Historic Structure. Completion of a large, open waterfront pavilion occurred in 2015 to accommodate weddings and events.</p><br>
<p>The Murphy-Burroughs House was Ft. Myers&#39; first year-round luxury home. It is in the Georgian Revival style and was built in 1901 for John T. Murphy, a cattle rancher. The construction of this home kicked off the "building boom" of the area. Each step of the process was followed by the local newspaper, The Fort Myers Press.</p><br>
<p>Nelson Burroughs bought the house in 1919. In 1922, Mr. Burroughs transferred ownership of the Home to his daughters, Mona & Jettie. Mona bequeathed the property to The City of Fort Myers prior to her death in 1978. The passing of her husband, Franz Fischer, in 1983, marked the end of its use as a residence.</p><br>
<p>The Averitt-Winchester House  is a historic house located on the west side of State Road 59, south of the Moccasin Gap-Cromartie Road junction in Miccosukee, Florida, United States. The house is locally significant in its association with early settlement of the area and essentially unaltered appearance.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The house, built c. 1881, is a one-story, gable-front-and-wing, frame vernacular building resting on brick piers. With a clapboard exterior, it has an irregular layout with two ell extensions on either side and a high-pitched tin roof pierced by two brick chimneys. the house is the oldest residence in the community, and its owners were from the earliest settler families of the area. The Averitts played an instrumental role in the founding of Indian Springs Baptist Church, providing the land for the second church building.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places on November 15, 1996.</p><br>
<p>The Curtiss Mansion (also known as the Miami Springs Villas House or Dar-Err-Aha or MSTR No. 2 or Curtiss Mansion at Miami Springs is a historic home located at 500 Deer Run in Miami Springs, Florida and open to the public as an event space or for private tours by prior arrangement.</p><br>
<p>It is located at the northern edge of Miami International Airport.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Designed in the Pueblo Revival style, the mansion was constructed in 1925 by aviation pioneer Glenn Hammond Curtiss, developer of the Miami suburbs of Hialeah and Opa-locka, Florida, as well as Miami Springs. Curtiss lived at the large, two-story residence until his death in 1930.</p><br>
<p>The mansion was the largest of Pueblo themed houses built by the Curtiss-Wright Company in its development of Country Club Estates in Miami Springs. The house features a central patio that faces the eastern perimeter of the golf course. The landscaped estate consisted of over 30 acre, with a small lake on the east side of the property. Curtiss brought many species of water birds to the lake, including flamingos and swans. Together with the adjacent property, it formed a 21 acre complex.</p><br>
<p>After Curtiss&#39;s death in the early 1930s, Lena Curtiss married an old friend and business associate of her husband, H. Sayre Wheeler. Wheeler served as mayor of Miami Springs from 1942 to 1944, and was also part owner of the Michaels and Wheeler Insurance Company. The couple lived in the house until the late 1940s. The estate was sold in the mid-1950s and became the world-renowned Miami Springs Villas. It was sold to Forte Hotels, International, Inc. in the late 1970s and is currently owned by the city of Miami Springs.</p><br>
<p>Since 1998, the Pueblo Revival-style Mansion has been the property of the City of Miami Springs, and the not-for-profit all volunteer Curtiss Mansion, Inc. was formed to restore and operate this historic home.</p><br>
<p>Designated a Miami Springs historic site in 1987, the mansion was added to the NRHP on December 21, 2001.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Its architect, Martin L. Hampton, was one of Miami&#39;s most prominent architects during the 1920s—his designs include the former Miami Beach City Hall and the Congress Building in downtown Miami. The house is roughly V-shaped in plan and constructed of hollow clay tile with a rough textured stucco exterior. The roof is flat with very irregular parapet walls embellished by projecting waterspouts and irregular shaped openings. The main entrance to the residence is set within a deeply recessed T-shaped opening and marked by a flat-roofed porte cochere. At the south end of the lake is an arbor and barbecue grill. The grill was constructed of oolitic limestone (coral rock), which was a by-product of digging the lake.</p><br>
<h2>Restoration</h2><br>
<p>Beginning in the late 1970s, the house was subject to vandalism and a number of fires. In 1998, a public/private partnership of Curtiss Mansion, Inc., and the city of Miami Springs embarked on a lengthy restoration project, completed in 2012.</p><br>
<p>The Temple of Olympian Zeus  in Agrigento, Sicily was the largest Doric temple ever constructed, although it was never completed and now lies in ruins. It stands in the Valle dei Templi with a number of other major Greek temples.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The history of the temple is unclear, but it was probably founded to commemorate the Battle of Himera (480 BC), in which the Greek cities of Akragas (Agrigento) and Syracuse defeated the Carthaginians under Hamilcar. According to the historian Diodorus Siculus, the temple was built using Carthaginian slave labour &ndash; presumably defeated soldiers captured after the battle. It is otherwise little mentioned in ancient literature. The Greek historian Polybius mentions it briefly in a 2nd-century BC description of Akragas, commenting that "the other temples and porticoes which adorn the city are of great magnificence, the temple of Olympian Zeus being unfinished but second it seems to none in Greece in design and dimensions."</p><br>
<p>According to Diodorus, it remained unfinished due to the Carthaginian conquest of the city. The roof was already missing at his time. The temple was eventually toppled by earthquakes and in the 18th century was quarried extensively to provide building materials for the modern towns of Agrigento and nearby Porto Empedocle. Today it survives only as a broad stone platform heaped with tumbled pillars and blocks of stone.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The temple, whose structure is still under debate, measured 112.7 x 56.3 m at the stylobate, with a height of some 20 m. The whole construction was made of small stones blocks, which has led to uncertainty to the total size of the building. According to Diodorus, the columns&#39; grooves could easily house a man; their height has been estimated from 14.5 to 19.2 meters. Each stood on a five-stepped platform approximately 4.5 m above the ground. The enclosure occupied a large basement with a five-step krepidoma. The front of the temple had seven semi-columns, an archaic feature that precluded the addition of a central door. The long sides had fourteen semi-columns.</p><br>
<p>Unlike other temples of the time, the outer columns did not stand on their own as a freestanding peristyle but were engaged against a continuous curtain wall needed to support the immense weight of its entablature. In between the columns were colossal atlases, stone figures standing some 7.5 m high. The figures appear to have alternated between bearded and clean-shaven figures, all nude and standing with their backs to the wall and hands stretched above their heads.</p><br>
<p>The exact positioning of the atlases has been the subject of some archaeological debate, but it is generally believed that they stood on a recessed ledge on the upper part of the outer wall, bearing the weight of the upper portion of the temple on their upheld hands. One of the fallen atlases has been reassembled in the nearby archaeological museum and another can be seen on the ground among the ruins of the temple. Attempts to make a detailed reconstruction of the telamons&#39; original appearance have been hampered by their poor condition; they are heavily eroded and all of their feet appear to be missing.</p><br>
<p>The atlases are an exceptionally unusual feature, and may possibly have been unique in their time. They have been interpreted by some as symbolising the Greek enslavement of the Carthaginian invaders, or have even been attributed to Egyptian influences. Joseph Rykwert comments that "the sheer size of the temple seems to confirm the reputed extravagance of the Akragans, their love of display."</p><br>
<p>The presence of windows between the columns is not confirmed. The cell was formed by a wall connecting 12 pilasters on each long side, the angular ones enclosing the pronaos and the episthodomos. The entrance to the cella was provided by an unknown number of doors. The interior was inspired by Phoenician-Carthaginian architecture: it comprised an immense triple-aisled hall of pillars, the middle of which was open to the sky. The roof was probably never completed, though the pediments had a full complement of marble sculptures. The eastern end, according to Diodorus Siculus enthusiast description, displayed a Gigantomachy, while the western end depicted the fall of Troy, again symbolising the Greeks triumph over their barbarian rivals.</p><br>
<p>In front of the eastern façade is the pilastered basement of the huge high altar, measuring 54,50 x 17,50 m.</p><br>
<p>Mount Heng is a mountain in north-central China&#39;s Shanxi Province, known as the northern mountain of the Five Great Mountains of China. Heng Shan in Shanxi Province is sometimes known as the Northern Heng Shan, and the one in Hunan Province as Southern Heng Shan. Both mountains have the same pronunciation in Chinese, and the Southern Heng Shan is also one of the Five Sacred Mountains.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Like the other mountains in China with strong Taoist presence, Heng Shan has been considered a sacred mountain since the Zhou Dynasty. Due to its northerly location, often under control of non-Chinese nations, the mountain has a weaker history of pilgrimage than its four fellows. Indeed, to this day it is the least-visited and least-developed of the five, also the smallest in area. Because of this, Hengshan is not nearly as religiously important in China as the other Taoist mountains. But as a further consequence, it is also less commercialized -- there are no hotels on the mountain, for instance. The main peak is a lovely hike of around three hours round trip from the parking lot (a few miles up the mountain from where you buy the ticket), with the summit covered in fragrant lilac blossoms in June, and temples set into the cliffs. The slopes are largely covered with hemlocks, pines, elm, fir, poplar, and hawthorn, in the barer areas.</p><br>
<h2>Temples</h2><br>
<p>During the Han Dynasty, a temple called the Shrine of the Northern Peak (Beiyue Miao), dedicated to the mountain god was built on Hengshan&#39;s slopes. While periodically destroyed and rebuilt, this temple has an uninterrupted history from Han times to the present day. During times of occupation by non-Han Chinese people, worship to Hengshan was done at the Beiyue Temple in Quyang.</p><br>
<p>Another temple of the area is the famous Hanging Temple, built more than 1,500 years ago into a cliff near the Mount.</p><br>
<p>Sgùrr a&#39; Ghreadaidh is the highest summit on the northern half of the Black Cuillin ridge in Scotland. Like the rest of the range it is composed of gabbro, a rock that provides good grip for mountaineering.</p><br>
<p>This is one of the harder main Black Cuillin peaks to ascend. The simplest route ascends via the col of An Dorus (the Door), most easily reached from Glen Brittle; however, the immediate exit from An Dorus is a Grade 3 scramble and there is sustained scrambling of a lower grade on the north ridge leading to the summit. The south ridge leading towards Sgùrr Thormaid is also Grade 3, with few opportunities to descend safely for some considerable distance. The mountain has two summits, separated by a knife-edged arete. At the time of the first ascent, John MacKenzie was aged just 14. He had earlier repeated the ascent of Sgùrr nan Gillean aged 10. Mackenzie became the first British mountain guide and perhaps the most prolific of the pioneers of mountaineering in the Cuillin.</p><br>
<p>Fort Richardson was a United States Army installation located one mile  south of Jacksboro, Texas. Named in honor of Union General Israel B. Richardson, who died in the Battle of Antietam during the American Civil War, it was active from 1867 to 1878. Today the site is called Fort Richardson State Park, Historic Site & Lost Creek Reservoir State Trailway.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>As much as any frontier army installation, Fort Richardson was responsible for the Anglo settlement in north central Texas. It was one installation in a system of forts along the Texas frontier to protect and encourage settlement in north central and west Texas. Other forts in the frontier fort system were Forts Griffin, Concho, Belknap, Chadbourne, Fort Stockton, Fort Davis, Fort Bliss, McKavett, Clark, Fort McIntosh, Fort Inge and Phantom Hill in Texas, and Fort Sill in Oklahoma. There were "sub posts or intermediate stations" including Bothwick&#39;s Station on Salt Creek between Fort Richardson and Fort Belknap, Camp Wichita near Buffalo Springs between Fort Richardson and Red River Station, and Mountain Pass between Fort Concho and Fort Griffin.</p><br>
<p>The original site selection was ordered for a location near Buffalo Springs in Clay County approximately 20 mi north of Fort Richardson. The location proved untenable and unfit for the establishment of a semi-permanent installation. The area lacked timber, adequate water resources, and was still completely hostile territory, with Native Americans often wreaking havoc in the area. In 1862, the entire town of Henrietta, northwest of Buffalo Springs, was abandoned because of the lack of security. In short, the area was more than inhospitable. As a result, the Sixth United States Cavalry moved south to the present location of Fort Richardson.</p><br>
<p>In 1867, construction began by the Sixth Cavalry on the 300 acre site along "Lost Creek, a small tributary of the West Fork of the Trinity River", The old-time cowboy author Frank H. Maynard spent time at Fort Richardson in 1872 while he had come to Jacksboro on a cattle drive.Frank H. Maynard, Cowboy&#39;s Lament: A Life on the Open</p><br>
<p>Range (Lubbock, Texas: Texas Tech University Press, 2010), p. 5,</p><br>
<p>Units that occupied the fort included the 6th Cavalry Regiment, 4th Cavalry Regiment, and the USA 11th Infantry Regiment, along with elements of the 10th Cavalry Regiment and 24th Infantry Regiment (United States), both Buffalo Soldier regiments.</p><br>
<p>Life was hard for a soldier at Fort Richardson, and routine duties included long, arduous patrols along the Texas frontier from Clay and Jack counties west to Palo Duro Canyon near present-day Amarillo. Battles with Comanche and Kiowa Indians became commonplace as the cavalry and infantry units sought to prove their ability to repel Indian attacks and allow settlement.</p><br>
<p>In 1871 while on a tour of the frontier fort system, General William T. Sherman stayed at Fort Richardson and narrowly missed the Warren Wagon Train Raid. Once General Sherman arrived at Fort Sill, he arrested Kiowa chiefs Satanta and Big Tree and had them sent to Jacksboro to stand trial for their role in the massacre. In July 1871, they were tried, convicted, and sentenced to death, which was later commuted to life in prison. They were the first Indians tried and convicted in the Texas civil court system.</p><br>
<p>Following these events, General Sherman authorized the commander of the Fourth Cavalry, Colonel Ranald S. Mackenzie, to begin offensive operations against Comanches and Kiowas in the Texas Panhandle. One of these scouting parties fought the Battle of Palo Duro Canyon in September 1874, an absolute U.S victory that ended the Red River War with Quanah Parkers Comanches and Red Warbonnets Kiowas. The cavalry captured so much of the tribes provisions that they were forced to move back to the reservations in Oklahoma before winter. This battle and the total victory for MacKenzies forces were largely responsible for the end to Comanche and Kiowa raiding along the Texas northern frontier.</p><br>
<h2>Abandonment and Reuse</h2><br>
<p>Following this decisive victory, the army no longer saw a need to maintain Fort Richardson and abandoned the post on May 23, 1878. "It was used as an Indian school for a short time afterwards". The 55 buildings, many made of stone and cottonwood lumber, fell into disrepair. Thanks to an intrepid group of Jacksboro residents, the fort was declared a state historic site in 1963 and came under the management of the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. In 1968 extensive renovations began and in 1973, the fort reopened as the Fort Richardson State Historic Park.</p><br>
<p>Today the site is called Fort Richardson State Park, Historic Site & Lost Creek Reservoir State Trailway. Visitors can tour seven restored original buildings, including the post hospital, officers quarters, powder magazine, morgue, commissary, guardhouse and bakery. There are also two replica buildings of the enlisted mens barracks and the officer&#39;s barracks, which houses the Interpretive Center. Guided tours of the buildings are held daily.</p><br>
<p>The Comstock-Harris House is a historic home in Winter Park, Florida. It is located at 724 Bonita Drive. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 13, 1983.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>A small home was built on the site of the present house in 1878. In 1883, the property was purchased by William C. Comstock, a Chicago businessman and reconstructed into its current incarnation, that of a large Queen Anne style estate. the Comstock-Harris House, also known as Eastbank, is the oldest surviving home in Winter Park. It is situated on the east bank of Lake Osceola. Originally a winter cottage, it consists of three floors and three stairways. The main staircase turns in front of a stained glass window. Red bricks make up the foundation of the house as well as the six interior fireplaces. The original color of the house was yellow with dark green trim. Before the grounds were subdivided, they consisted of sixty acres. Camphor trees lined the long drive that led to the house, which is now Bonita Drive. It is now a private residence.</p><br>
<p>The J. B. Evans House  is a historic house located at 142 South Ocean Boulevard in Delray Beach, Florida. It retains its essential historic architectural integrity, and is a landmark in Delray Beach.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The house has a two-story, wood-frame structure, and was originally constructed as a single-family residence. Built in 1936, during the Depression as a seasonal residence, the construction represents what locally is known as Resort Colonial Style. It has an irregular floor plan and was built on a concrete slab foundation. The first story has horizontal clapboard, and the second story is board and batten. The house has a composition-shingled complex hip roof that is low-pitched and has a brick chimney in the center. The windows are filled with 6/6 double-hung wooden sashes which are protected by operable louvered shutters.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places on March 28, 2002.</p><br>
<h2>Sandoway Discovery Center</h2><br>
<p>The Sandoway Discovery Center is a coastal ecosystems and marine life center. It features native plants, live native and invasive reptile species, a coral reef pool with sharks and fish, and a large collection of shells from around the world. The center offers environmental education programs and classes.</p><br>
<p>The J. O. Douglas House is a historic house located at 209 Scotland Street in Dunedin, Florida. It is locally significant as one of the oldest buildings in the town and as the home of one of the owners of an important early store in the pioneer community, and it remains an excellent example of Vernacular architecture in central Florida.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The 2-1/2 story house, built in 1880, has a T-shaped structure with a central hall flanked by two rooms to the east and one room to the west on the ground floor. The one-story extention (original kitchen) projects from the south (rear) elevation. Two dissimilar chimneys pierce the gable roof of the main portion of the house. Brick piers with lattice infill support the frame structure covered with horizontal siding. Aside from the flat sawn balusters, posts and brackets on the porches, the very simple window treatments, and the projecting bay, the house is simply a five bay rectangular structure with a "Tee" wing addition evidencing no discernable style.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 29, 1979.</p><br>
<p>The Lawrence Brown House, better known as the is the home of Lawrence Bernard Brown a self-made businessman, community leader, and master carpenter. The importance of the L.B. Brown House is that it may be the only home built by a former enslaved person, left in Florida. The house "stands as a living testimony to one person&#39;s triumph over adversity."</p><br>
<p>Until 1989, was known as the "Thomas House." It wasn&#39;t until the death of the former resident, Lavina Thomas, that the original builder was discovered.</p><br>
<p>The house is located at 470 L.B. Brown Avenue, Bartow, Florida 33830 (formerly 2nd Ave). Clifton Lewis, president of and other Bartow residents set about restoring old homes in the early 1990s. When Robert Brown, son of L.B., came to look at his childhood home, he casually mentioned to Lewis, his father had built the house. From that point on, it was known as the L.B. Brown Home and the street name was officially changed from 2nd Ave., to L.B. Brown Avenue.</p><br>
<p>The L.B. Brown House was added to the National Register of Historic Places, a division of the National Park Service, on January 4, 2001. The house was completed in 1892.</p><br>
<p>Every year the town of Bartow recognizes L.B. Brown&#39;s "life and achievements" at the annual, usually held mid-February.</p><br>
<p>The L.B. Brown house will be represented at the new. There will be cornerstone with L.B. Brown&#39;s name on it.</p><br>
<p>The Dix House is a historic home in Ormond Beach, Florida, United States. It is located at 178 North Beach Street. On September 6, 1989, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Dix house was originally built by Colonel Dix for his two sisters. The second floor of the Dix House was built open and used extensively for a wide variety of purposes including an early wedding hall and meeting place. The second floor of the Dix House was the site that the colony of New Britain chose to become the City of Ormond.</p><br>
<p>More recently the Dix House suffered extensive damage in the hurricanes that visited the area in 2004. After a few different attempts, the most recent owners dramatically renovated the house with the intention of creating a bed and breakfast. It now boasts seven bedrooms (each with a private bath) and an elevator.</p><br>
<p>The Amos Kling House is a historic house located at 220-222 Magnolia Avenue in Daytona Beach, Florida. It is locally significant for its association with the development of the resort community of Daytona Beach during the early 20th century.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Constructed in 1907, the 2-1/2 story house has an irregular floor-plan. The frame structural system is finished on all elevations with weatherboard siding and wood shingles. It rests on a brick pier foundation with lattice infill. The cross-gable roof is sheathed with asphalt shingles. The vernacular residence is enlivened by features associated with the Shingle Style.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 2, 1993.</p><br>
<p>The Thursby House located at Blue Springs State Park in Orange City, Florida was constructed in 1872. The house was once a two-story structure built from three kinds of center-cut pine that had been milled in Savannah, Ga., and transported by boat to the site.</p><br>
<p>Louis P. Thursby and his family settled on the inlet to Blue Springs, on the St. Johns river in 1856. Shortly after his arrival, he constructed one of the first steamboat landings and planted one of the first orange groves on the upper St. Johns River. His first residence was a log cabin that he built.</p><br>
<p>Thursby&#39;s son added a third story and kitchen wing in 1900, which is still standing today.</p><br>
<p>A Cypress water tank stood near the Northeast corner of the house. The tank has recently been recently removed from its supports.</p><br>
<p>The Louis P. Thursby House is a historic home in Orange City, Florida, United States. It is located inside Blue Spring State Park. On May 11, 2000, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Seth French House  is a historic house located at 319 East French Avenue in Orange City, Florida. It is locally significant as one of the oldest dwellings in the county, and also as a good example of Frame Vernacular construction from the late 19th and early 20th centuries.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The house, as built originally, consisted of the rectangular main block. On the first floor it included the wraparound veranda on the main (south) and east elevations, parlor, living room, dining room, kitchen, storage area, and small wrap-around porch on the northwest corner. On the second floor it included the three bedrooms, stair hall, and vestibule. The house was built in 1876 by Seth French, a surgeon and Civil War veteran and later a member of the Florida Senate and the states Commissioner of Immigration. The house was altered 3 times &ndash; in 1905, 1915 and 1925 &ndash; and is now owned by Frenchs great-granddaughter.</p><br>
<p>On February 12, 2003, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The St. James Building is a historic building in Downtown Jacksonville, Florida, currently housing Jacksonville City Hall. It was designed by architect Henry John Klutho and opened in 1912. One of many structures in downtown Jacksonville designed by Klutho after the Great Fire of 1901, it is considered his masterpiece.</p><br>
<p>The building is located at 117 West Duval Street, on the former site of the St. James Hotel. It was designed as a mixed-use building containing the Cohen Bros. Department Store (later May Cohens). The department store closed in 1987, leaving the building empty. In 1993 it was purchased by the City of Jacksonville under the River City Renaissance plan, with the intention of remodeling it as the new City Hall. It reopened in 1997. On April 18, 2012, the American Institute of Architects&#39;s Florida Chapter placed the building on its list of Florida Architecture: 100 Years. 100 Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>St. James Hotel</p><br>
<p>The original St. James Building was a hotel constructed and owned by investors from Connecticut following the American Civil War. In addition to lodging for 500 guests, it boasted a passenger elevator and a restaurant with excellent cuisine. The facility included a laundry, barbershop, wine room, telegraph office and reading rooms. Touring orchestras performed concerts for the guests, who included society people, celebrities and the rich. At the peak of Jacksonville’s popularity, 65,000 people spent the winter in north Florida. The hotel was so prominent that the public square across the street, known as "City Park", was changed to "St. James Park".</p><br>
<p>Jacksonville&#39;s Great Fire of 1901 destroyed most of the city, including the original St. James. The owner of the St. James property, J. R. Campbell, wanted to rebuild, but did not have the resources. The Windsor Hotel, located adjacent to the St. James, quickly rebuilt and was able to purchase the St. James land from the cash-strapped Campbell to prevent a competing hotel from being built downtown. Jacob and Morris Cohen purchased the St. James property from the Windsor after agreeing not to build a hotel.</p><br>
<p>Cohen Brothers&#39; Department Store</p><br>
<p>In March 1910, Klutho agreed to design a building for the Cohen Brothers&#39; department store. Among the proposals sent to the Cohens was a striking design for a building with four floors, twice what had been requested. Klutho proposed a "mixed use" design that would contain small shops on the first floor exterior with the department store in the interior and on the second floor. The third and fourth floors would contain offices for rent. He convinced the brothers that their structure would become the center of commerce for Jacksonville and they embraced his idea.</p><br>
<p>Klutho not only designed the building, but acted as construction manager using the fast-track method, whereby work begins prior to design completion. The project was finished in less than a year and a half, using 200 skilled tradesmen. The structure was named the St. James Building, and it was Kluthos crowning achievement. When dedicated on October 21, 1912, it was the largest structure in Jacksonville, occupying an entire city block. The St. James Building was the featured article in The Western Architect and Kluthos work was highlighted throughout the magazine in June 1914.</p><br>
<p>The most striking interior feature was a 75 ft octagonal glass dome, which served as a skylight. The elevators were open "cages", giving passengers a view of the store. The building exterior was decorated with large abstract terra-cotta ornaments.</p><br>
<p>The Cohen brothers operated their store until The May Department Stores Company purchased it in 1958, renaming it May Cohens. Four other May Cohen stores were opened at shopping centers around town and the downtown store in the St. James Building was closed in July 1987.</p><br>
<p>City Hall</p><br>
<p>The city of Jacksonville purchased the building in 1993 as part of the River City Renaissance, a plan put forward by Mayor Ed Austin that included $24 million to purchase and restore the St. James as the new city hall. The goal was to relocate government offices to the center of downtown, all around Hemming Plaza.</p><br>
<p>Saxelbye, Powell, Roberts & Ponder Architects were chosen for what was more of a restoration than renovation. Demolition of all interior walls and partitions was required to remove the effects of prior renovations. A 75 ft octagonal glass dome was reconstructed after it was removed in early 1927 to build more rentable space, much to the disgust of Klutho, who commented that "a showplace was killed" and moved his offices out of the building in protest. In the 1990s restoration, the major change from the original design was the dome, which was mounted on the roof of the fourth floor, instead of between the second and third floors. An infrastructure upgrade was required to meet current building codes, handicap-accessibility requirements and be energy efficient. The new City Hall in the St. James Building opened on December 12, 1997. The Jacksonville Historical Society described the St. James Building as "one of Jacksonville&#39;s most monumental works of art (and) one of the most beautiful city halls in America".</p><br>
<p>The Morocco Temple  is a historic Shriners International building in Jacksonville, Florida. It is located at 219 Newnan Street, and was designed by New York City architect Henry John Klutho. On November 29, 1979, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. The building is the oldest Shrine temple in Florida.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The grand building was erected in 1910-11 in the prairie style of architecture using ancient Egyptian-themed symbols. The entrance was a large battered architrave featuring a massive transom atop short columns in the Egyptian revival style. The three levels included a main floor, a 1,500 seat auditorium and a balcony.</p><br>
<p>The structure was constructed using steel reinforced concrete and stuccoed brick exterior walls with terracotta ornamentation. The auditorium was 90 ft wide with the roof supported by steel trusses. Access to the balcony was via two curved floating reinforced concrete stairways.</p><br>
<p>The auditorium&#39;s ceiling was painted dark blue and imbedded with hundreds of pieces of glass that would reflect light, giving the appearance of stars. The curtain on stage was decorated with views of Arabia.</p><br>
<p>In the 1910s, when Jacksonville was the "Winter Film Capital of the World", Oliver Hardy was a member of the local temple. President William Howard Taft delivered a speech there in 1912, as did Theodore Roosevelt. Shirley Temple was one of numerous celebrities who appeared at the Morocco Temple.</p><br>
<p>The facility was also used for many major events and conventions.</p><br>
<p>The Morocco Temple was the only auditorium in town</p><br>
<p>Klutho&#39;s design was damaged in the late 1950s when the large metal cornice was removed from the front and sides. The tall ground floor windows on both sides were obscured. At the same time, an addition was constructed on the south side that extended beyond the front entrance, creating an unbalanced design.</p><br>
<h2>Recent usage</h2><br>
<p>The Shriners decided to move to the suburbs in the early 1980s. They wanted more space and room to park, plus "too many of their members were getting mugged leaving at night" according to Hugh Powell, the building&#39;s current owner.</p><br>
<p>In the early 1980s the Shriners built a new facility on the south side. Their old building was purchased in 1984 by the Cecil W. Powell & Company, an insurance broker. A huge renovation was required to create offices.</p><br>
<p>However, because the building was on the National Register of Historic Places, the changes were required to retain the basic integrity of the structure. The stage was transformed into an atrium, and the murals were refurbished and encased with glass. The auditorium was destroyed when an additional floor was constructed, but the vertical windows on the building&#39;s sides were uncovered. The tile and staircases remain unmodified, and there are now four carpeted and partitioned floors with a total of 45,000 ft&sup2;.</p><br>
<p>The Powell company moved in during 1986, and Jacksonville&#39;s Public Works Department rented the top three floors during the 1990s. Today, the Powell company is on the ground level, one floor is unoccupied, and lawyers, a title company and court reporter rent office space in the other two.</p><br>
<p>The Jacksonville Historical Society is working on a plan to restore the original exterior cornices.</p><br>
<p>Larnaca Salt Lake  is a complex network of four salt lakes  of different sizes to the west of the city of Larnaca. The largest is lake Aliki, followed by lake Orphani, lake Soros and lake Spiro. They form the second largest salt lake in Cyprus after the Limassol Salt Lake. The total surface area of the lakes adds up to 2.2 km and being just off the road leading to Larnaca International Airport is one of the most distinctive landmarks of the area. It is considered one of the most important wetlands of Cyprus and it has been declared a Ramsar site, Natura 2000 site, Special Protected Area under the Barcelona Convention and an Important Bird Area . It is surrounded by halophytic scrubland and on its bank lies the Hala Sultan Tekke, one of the holiest of shrines within Ottoman Islam. It houses the tomb of Umm Haram, Muhammads wet-nurse&#39;.</p><br>
<p>Besides its picturesque beauty, the lake is the haunt of 85 species of water-birds with estimated populations between 20,000–38,000. It is one of the important migratory passages through Cyprus. Among them are 2,000–12,000 flamingoes (Phoenicopterus ruber) which spend the winter months there feeding off populations of the brine shrimp Artemia salina. Other important bird species are Grus grus, Charadrius alexandrines, Larus ridibundus, Himantopus himantopus, Burhinus oedicnemus, Hoplopterus spinosus, Oenanthe cypriaca and Sylvia melanothorax. Flocks of birdwatchers gather to observe the blaze of pink from flamingoes as they gather in the centre of the lake but also the other important migrants. The Larnaca Salt Lake complex was declared as a protected area by a decision of the Council of Ministers in 1997.</p><br>
<p>Recent evidence suggests that contrary to previous belief the greater flamingo, (Phoenicopterus rubber) not only stops over but also breeds on this wetland.</p><br>
<p>During the winter months the lake fills with water whilst in the summer the water evaporates, leaving a crust of salt and a haze of grey dust. According to legend, the lakes saltiness stems from St Lazarus request of an old woman for food and drink. She refused, claiming her vines had dried up, to which Lazarus replied: "may your vines be dry and be a salt lake forever more." A more scientific explanation is that the salt water penetrates the porous rock between the lake and the sea, making the water very salty.</p><br>
<p>Salt harvested from this lake used to be one of the island&#39;s major exports, being collected with donkeys, carried to the edge of the lake, and piled up into huge pyramidal heaps. With rising labour costs harvesting dwindled to a negligible amount and stopped altogether in 1986 as the island now imports most of this commodity.</p><br>
<p>The 310 West Church Street Apartments, also known as the Ambassador Hotel, is a historic building located at 420 North Julia Street in Jacksonville, Florida, United States. On April 7, 1983, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The structure is a brick, six-story building designed in the Georgian Revival architectural style containing Beaux-Arts elements. It opened as the upscale 310 West Church Street Apartments in 1924. Designed by Hentz, Reid and Adler architects, the building was designed in an "H"-shape to provide windows in all of the units. The main entrance is fronted by large rusticated ashlar stonework, set with a scroll keystone.</p><br>
<p>After twenty years of use, it was converted into a hotel. Its name subsequently changed several times: it was the Three-Ten Hotel in 1944, the Hotel Southland in 1947, the Griner Hotel in 1949 and in 1955, the Ambassador Hotel. In 1970, the building was purchased by Sam Easton, now a principal in the Jacksonville real estate firm Easton Sanderson & Company.</p><br>
<p>Over the years the hotel fell into disrepair as Jacksonville&#39;s downtown went into decline. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983, but this did not significantly improve its fortunes. It was converted into a low-rent single room occupancy, with rooms rented by the week. It closed in 1998.</p><br>
<h2>Renovation</h2><br>
<p>In 2005, Jacksonville businessman Lamonte Carter initiated plans to purchase and restore 310 West Church Street. He had encountered the building when he happened to park in front of it on his way to an appointment. He contacted Easton, who had halted a plan to renovate the surrounding block after construction stalled on the Duval County Courthouse, located nearby. Carter&#39;s plan for 310 West Church, which would cost an estimated $8 million in private equity, government grants, and low-interest loans, involves converting the ground floor to commercial space and turning the top five floors into 50 unit apartments. Carter hopes the renovation will lead to a further collaboration with Easton to renovate the block.</p><br>
<p>The Womans Club of Jacksonville was an historic womans club in Jacksonville, Florida. It was located at 861 Riverside Avenue, next to the Cummer Museum of Art and Gardens. On November 3, 1992, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Ninah Cummer donated the land and the Tudor-style building was constructed in 1927 to serve the Womans Club of Jacksonville. The original 13,264 square-foot building was designed and built in the same style as Cummers adjacent estate at her request. The structure was designed by architect Mellen Clark Greeley.</p><br>
<p>The Woman’s Club of Jacksonville was instrumental in advocating for women’s suffrage and other issues.</p><br>
<p>The building served as home to the Womans Club of Jacksonville until November 2005. The Cummer Museum acquired the Womans Club of Jacksonville in February 2005.</p><br>
<p>The Woman&#39;s Club donated their records to the Jacksonville Historical Society.</p><br>
<p>The building was purchased in 2008 and the exterior was renovated at a total cost of $7,000,000. Due to extreme termite damage discovered in 2016 the building was demolished.</p><br>
<p>The Big Eddy Site  is an archaeological site located in Cedar County, Missouri, which was first excavated in 1997 and is now threatened due to erosion by the Sac River.</p><br>
<h2>Location and general description</h2><br>
<p>The Sac River has created a cut bank, some 5.2 meters high, revealing a rare site similar to the Rodgers Formation of the neighboring Pomme de Terre valley (Lopinot et al. 1998:39-40). Haynes (1976:58-59) describes the deposits in the area of Rodgers Cave as flood plain deposits which have accumulated slowly through annual flooding. Periodically, the river would downcut deeply enough to prevent further flooding, only to change its course later and restart the process. This leaves a series of easily identified layers, separated by periods of no deposits. Big Eddy was formed in a similar way. For some 14,000 years, the Sac River has gently flooded, covering over this site with thick, well stratified, alluvial silt (Bush 2006).</p><br>
<p>This detailed stratigraphy has preserved a record of a nearly continuous human occupation from recent prehistory back to the earliest Clovis, and possibly pre-Clovis residents. Recovered artifacts show a continuum from Paleoindian through Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian, including perhaps important evidence for the transition from the Clovis to Dalton cultures (Chandler 2001a; Joiner 2001).</p><br>
<p>Making the site even more valuable is the clear separation of deposits. The site was periodically sealed by gravel layers and paleosols, ancient soils preserved by burial under more recent sedimentation. These layers, often of very hard material, effectively seal the layers, preventing intrusion into the lower layers by later material. The paleosols are particularly valuable as they were formed by environmental changes that create a change in the soil forming a hard shell over the lower material.</p><br>
<h2>Site history</h2><br>
<p>Investigations at the Big Eddy site are quite recent, having been first excavated in 1997, and this area of the state has seen very little previous investigation. The only other extensive study of the region took place in the 1960s and 1970s in the neighboring lower Pomme de Terre Valley (Missouri State University’s Center for Archaeological Research (CAR) 2006; Lopinot et al. 1998:39; Ray et al. 1998:73-74). These studies provided a geologic history for the region reaching back some 100,000 years. A long sequence of human occupation was also found, but no evidence of Paleoindian sites.</p><br>
<p>In the 1970s, with the construction of the Stockton hydroelectric dam, the Sac River, which had for so long preserved the site, began to erode the bank (CAR 2006). This exposed the alluvial layers and began to wash out artifacts from the nearly 14,000 year occupation. Local collectors recovered some of these artifacts, which drew the attention of professional archaeologists. In 1986, the site was finally discovered by professional archaeologists surveying the Sac River valley when they spotted artifacts eroding out of the river bank (Bush 2006; Chandler 2001a; Joiner 2001).</p><br>
<p>No formal investigation of Big Eddy was conducted until 1997. At this time, the Kansas City District US Army Corps of Engineers came to realize that this site was in imminent danger of destruction by the water releases from the Stockton dam. The Corps hired the Missouri State University’s Center for Archaeological Research (CAR) to excavate the site, funding three years of work at the site (Bush 2006; CAR 2006; Joiner 2001).</p><br>
<p>The CAR team, led by Ray and Lopinot, came to the site with modest expectations. Excavations began with the use of a road grader to remove the plow zone from the site. This material was screened and flotation was used to look for cultural remains (Chandler 2001a). Two test trenches were then dug to a depth of four meters, and four blocks were excavated in 5–10 cm layers to a depth of 2.5 meters. Eighteen deep, continuous sedimentary cores were also taken around the site (Chandler 2001a; Ray et al. 1998:74). This work revealed a much more valuable site than had first been expected and tedious hand excavation techniques were used to investigate the lower levels to maintain contextual information (Chandler 2001a). The 1997 excavations terminated near the base of the Paleoindian deposits at about 3.5 meters below the original surface. Exploratory tests, though, revealed even deeper artifacts, manuports (natural objects moved by human action), and charcoal down to depths of four meters. Dating of these finds were between 12,700 and 13,000 years BP (Ray et al. 2000:68).</p><br>
<p>After a hiatus during which they examined the previous years findings, work at the site resumed in the summer of 1999. Hand excavations were made an additional 1.3 meters into the pre-Clovis deposits, finally reaching a paleo-gravel bar (Ray et al. 2000:68-69). It was during these excavations that some of the most exciting discoveries were made, possible pre-Clovis artifacts. If confirmed, these finds could be the oldest in North America.</p><br>
<p>In total, the US Army Corps of Engineers has now funded five years of excavations, and CAR has returned to the site through summer of 2006. The team hopes to continue their work through private funding before the river consumes the site.</p><br>
<h2>Stratigraphy</h2><br>
<p>One of the most important aspects of Big Eddy is that the stratigraphy of the site is clear and has remained virtually undisturbed for over 14,000 years. As a result, the deposits from different periods have been separated vertically from each other (CAR 2006; Chandler 2001a). The stratigraphy of Big Eddy has been compared to the geology of Rodgers Cave in the neighboring Pomme de Terre Valley. Big Eddy has thus been divided into three distinct alluvial members; Early Rodgers, Middle Rodgers, and Late Rodgers (Lopinot et al. 1998:74-75).</p><br>
<p>The Late Rodgers layer represents the most recent deposits. Most of this layer has been disturbed by the plow zone, especially at the east end of the site. The west end of the site retains some undisturbed deposits (Ray et al. 1998:74).</p><br>
<p>Mississippian and Woodland Period: The deposits from these periods can be found in the top foot or so of the Late Rodgers deposits, and date from approximately 500 to 2,500 years BP (CAR 2006). While much of this layer has been disturbed by plowing, the west end of the site has maintained its proper stratigraphy. Maple wood charcoal found in this area has given uncorrected dates of 760+/-70 BP. Kings Corner-Notched points, known at Middle Woodland sites associated with the Hopewell tradition, have also been recovered (Ray et al. 1998:74-76).</p><br>
<p>Late Archaic Period: Excavating deeper into the Late Rodgers layer (Lopinot et al. 1998:76), 1 to 2.5 ft below the surface, remains can be found of the Late Archaic period, dating from 2,500 to 5,500 years BP (CAR 2006). A number of lithic tools and points have been recovered from this period, including Sedalia complex points and knives of nonheat-treated Jefferson City chert. A midden deposit at 2.3 to 2.6 meters below the surface has yielded Williams Corner-Notched bifaces. Additional finds have included animal and plant remains, nutting stones, metates, faceted hematite, and stone tools of heat-treated Burlington chert. Uncorrected AMS dates have given results of 4020+/-80 years BP (Ray et al. 1998:77).</p><br>
<p>Middle to Early Archaic Periods: Below the Late Archaic are Middle Archaic deposits extending to a depth of two meters. Little has been published covering a time period of 5,500 to 8,000 years BP (CAR 2006).</p><br>
<p>These periods are found within the Middle Rodgers layers of the site, which extend through the Early Archaic period deposits. The Early Archaic artifacts are found just above Paleosol 1, which divides the Middle and Early Rodgers alluvial layers (Ray et al. 1998:77). Many different tool types have been identified here, including Graham Cave, Cache River, Rice Lancelate, Rice Lobed, and Jackie Stemmed projectile points (Ray et al. 1998:77). Most of these points have been found out of context, on the cutbank, but some have been found in situ from 2.1 to 2.8 meters below the surface.</p><br>
<p>Dalton and San Patrice Cultures: Below the Middle Rodgers is a hard layer called Paleosol 1, 2.9 to 3.2 meters below the surface. This layer effectively seals the site below the Late Archaic. Within the Paleosol itself are found artifacts from the Dalton and San Patrice Cultures (Lopinot et al. 1998:40-41; Ray et al. 1998:77-78). While several points have been found on the cutbank, three San Patrice and two Dalton points have been found in situ. Also found was the derbitage from what appears to have been a lithic workshop, with many flakes and broken performs (Chandler 2001a; Lopinot et al. 1998:40-41; Ray et al. 1998:77-78). Charcoal samples have allowed dating of the layer to be performed. The upper part of the Paleosol AMS dates to 10,185+/-75 years BP, the central portion to 10,400+/-75 years BP, and the basal portion to 10,470+/-80 and 11,280+/-75 years BP (Lopinot et al. 1998:40). There may have been as many as five cultures at Big Eddy during this period as possible Packard and Plainview points have also been found, but out of context (CAR 2006; Ray et al. 1998:77).</p><br>
<p>Clovis Culture: The Big Eddy is perhaps the only well-stratified site bridging the Dalton/Clovis transition (CAR 2006). It is hoped that the site may provide more insight into this boundary when a sudden change in lithic technologies occurs following the megafauna extinction of North America.</p><br>
<p>Below Paleosol 1 is the alluvial layer, Early Rodgers. The Early Rodgers layer is a 2.2 meter thick layer of silty clay loam, grading down to a sandy loam and overlying a gravel lens at 3.9 meters (Lopinot et al. 1998:40; Ray et al. 1998:78). Artifacts and radio carbon dating indicate a date range of 10,000 to 13,000 years BP (Ray et al. 1998:78).</p><br>
<p>The evidence for a Clovis occupation at this site comes from two artifacts. The first is a fluted point identified as Gainey type found at 3.30 to 3.31 meters below the surface (Lopinot et al. 1998:41; Ray et al. 1998:78). Dating of this point, based on charcoal found in proximity below the point is 10,710+/-85 and 10,940+/-80 years BP (Ray et al. 1998:78). Another Clovis artifact is a blade which was found at 3.33 meters.</p><br>
<p>Pre-Clovis evidence at the Big Eddy: While all of this discussion has been very interesting and useful, it is not what has made the Big Eddy famous. The 1997 dig went to the base of the Clovis material, but deeper samples had revealed intriguing hints of even older occupations at lower levels. The team returned in 1999 with the intent of investigating those clues more thoroughly. What has been found may be some of the oldest artifacts ever found in North America, but they remain controversial due to the lack of clear human action on them.</p><br>
<p>Well below the Gainey point, at a depth of 3.7 to 3.8 meters were found three large cobbles identified as manuports and three flakes (Lopinot et al. 1998:41). Given that their size is much larger than other material deposited by the river and the small grain of the surrounding soil, it has been judged doubtful that they were moved to this location by the river, but natural action cannot be ruled out entirely.</p><br>
<p>At 3.9 meters, a gravel lens seals the site, with all deeper material being pre-Clovis in age (Lopinot et al. 1998:41). Two finds below this level have thrown the spotlight onto the Big Eddy site. One is a large tabular stone, possibly an anvilstone, broken into three pieces and the other is a large cobble (Bush 2006; Chandler 2001b; Ray et al. 2000). Both of these artifacts display evidence of possible human modification. In addition, the gravel layer contains many flakes.</p><br>
<p>The evidence remains ambiguous, though compelling. Lopinot and Ray remain hopefully skeptical about their finds and have subjected them to experimentation and scrutiny. The flakes found in the gravel layer may be zoofacts, created by the actions of animals. Using experimental archaeology, similar chert pebbles were subjected to the traffic of African elephants. This “foot traffic” fractured the pebbles and created derbitage and flakes very similar to those found at the site. Some flake types present in the Pre-Clovis level, though, were notably absent from the experimental results; interior flakes and biface thinning flakes (Chandler 2001b).</p><br>
<p>The possible anvilstone has received a great deal of scrutiny. This is a very large stone: 4.5 kg in weight, 21.6 cm long, 15 cm wide, and 12 cm thick. It is much larger than any other stones at this level (Ray 2000:69). Using the Sac River, experiments were conducted to determine if the stone could have been moved to this position by the river. Even during water discharges from the Stockton dam, the stone failed to be moved by the water. Ray and Lopinot have thus concluded that it is most likely a manuport, though other transport methods such as rootwad rafting and ice-rafting can not be entirely ruled out (Chandler 2001b). One other curious feature regarding the stone’s location is that the stone is broken into three pieces, situated very close together. One end of the stone is broken off, with a spall from the break. The broken piece is rotated 120 degrees from its original position and would be at a right angle to the flow of the water had its relocation been through water action. In addition, the spall, which is from the upper surface of the stone, is under the smaller piece. This is highly suggestive of the piece being deliberately moved after the break occurred (Ray 2000:69).</p><br>
<p>Additional signs of modification on the stone include a pitted area at the point of fracture and percussion scars on the edges of the smaller fragment (Ray 2000:69). Three use-wear specialists have been consulted. Tom Dillehay of the Monte Verde site states that micro-use-wear analysis shows that the stone is manmade. Marvin Kay, a lithics expert from the University of Arkansas, and Stanley Ahler, a micro-use-wear investigator, both believe the modifications to be the result of natural actions (Ray 2000:70; Chandler 2001b).</p><br>
<p>The possible hammerstone has undergone similar scrutiny with identical results. Evidence of modification to this stone included seven cones of percussion, all limited to a single poll of the stone, possibly indicating that it was used as a hammer (Ray 2000:70). While it is impossible to determine if these objects were ever used together, Ray and Lopinot argue that they were likely used to smash the bones of mastodons and other large game. They compare these to similar artifacts found at other suspected pre-Clovis sites such as Cooperton, Oklahoma; Bonfire Shelter, Texas; and the Lamb Spring site in Colorado (Ray 2000:70).</p><br>
<p>The evidence for a pre-Clovis occupation at the Big Eddy remains an area of speculation. To date, no clearly humanly modified object has been found below the Clovis strata of the site. It is hoped that future work will find more conclusive proof of early occupation.</p><br>
<h2>Dating of the site</h2><br>
<p>One of the issues with many pre-Clovis sites that have been tentatively identified is the lack of secure dating. One of the remarkable features of this site is how well stratified it is. Layer upon layer of silt has been laid down over the millennia, and periodic sealing has locked the deposits in an easily dated context. Aware of the significance of their finds, Ray and Lopinot have taken great care in excavating and documenting the site.</p><br>
<p>Secure dating of Paleoindian sites is rare, but the team at Big Eddy has been able to obtain 15 dates from charcoal at Paleoindian levels of the strata (CAR 2006). Just above the Paleosol, Early Archaic artifacts have been found with charcoal that yielded an uncorrected AMS date of 9,525+/-65 years BP (Lopinot et al. 1998:40).</p><br>
<p>Within the Paleosol itself, charcoal in close association with the San Patrice points has been AMS dated to 10,185+/-75 BP (Lopinot et al. 1998:40; Ray et al. 1998:77). Lower still in the Paleosol have come three other dates, all uncorrected; 10,400+/-75, 10,470+/-80, and 11,280+/-75 years BP (Lopinot et al. 1998:40).</p><br>
<p>Below the Paleosol, in the Early Rodgers layer, charcoal was also found within 2 cm of the Gainey/Clovis point. The uncorrected AMS date of this piece was found to be 10,710+/-85 years BP (Ray et al. 1998:78). Clovis occupation is believed to extend to 3.55 meters, but five more dates have been obtained from material at even greater depths: 3.58 meters, 3.64 meters, 3.75 meters, 3.83 meters, and 3.86 meters. The dates obtained for these samples are 12,320+/-130 years BP, 11,930+/-110 years BP, 12,250+/-100 years BP, 11,375+/-80 years BP, and 12,590+/-85 years BP respectively. These dates are all AMS uncorrected (Ray 2000:69).</p><br>
<p>Even if pre-Clovis evidence remains elusive, the excellent dating at the site has provided extremely valuable information about the climate of the region through time. Different climate conditions promote different kinds of plant growth. These different flora leave different carbon signatures in the soil which can be analyzed to determine the sorts of plants living at Big Eddy at different times. By tying C3 and C4 analysis of the site to these dates, the climate of the entire region can be determined.</p><br>
<h2>Reasons for occupation</h2><br>
<p>In the archaeological record of the Big Eddy site, we see a nearly continuous occupation of 13,000 to 14,000 years. This remarkable record raises the question, why did the early Americans find this site so appealing that they would return here again and again over the millennia?</p><br>
<p>The answer comes down to the available resources at the site. Situated at the border of the Ozark forest and the prairie lands (Chandler 2001a; Lopinot et al. 1998:39; Ray 1998:73, 2000:68), this site provided rich resources from multiple sources; the forest, the plains, and the river. This would have provided a wide range of different food sources for any inhabitants.</p><br>
<p>During pre-Clovis and Clovis occupations, local hunters would have been able to find bountiful hunting. Game would have included mastodon, tapir, ground sloth, deer, giant beaver, and horse (Chandler 2001a). Later occupants, during the Holocene, would have been able to subsist on white-tailed deer, small game, mussels, fish, waterfowl, and edible aquatic plants (Chandler 2001a, CAR 2006).</p><br>
<p>In addition to good food resources, material for tools was also readily available. Several different kinds of chert were available in the area. It could be found readily in the gravel bars of the river, and also in the slopes of the surrounding bluffs (Chandler 2001a, CAR 2006).</p><br>
<h2>The future of the Big Eddy</h2><br>
<p>For 14,000 years, the regular flooding of the Sac River has sealed and preserved this remarkable site. Now, each time the Stockton hydroelectric dam releases water, it cuts away at the bank. That bank is now just 10 ft from the site, and eroding that bank at the startling rate of 4 ft per year (Bush 2006; Joiner 2001). In only a few years, the site will be gone.</p><br>
<p>Since 1997, Ray and Lopinot have worked 5 seasons at the site, the most recent in the summer of 2006, trying to save what they can before it is lost forever. In addition to the organized digs, they come here to work weekends whenever they can. Funding from the Army Corps of Engineers has now run out, and the CAR is seeking donations from individuals and corporations to continue the work.</p><br>
<p>The Palace of Florence Apartments is a historic structure in Tampa, Florida, USA. The 28-unit apartment building is located on Tampa&#39;s Davis Islands at 45 East Davis Boulevard.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Construction on The Palace of Florence began in 1925. Its Mediterranean Revival architecture mixes medieval and classical elements to reproduce the look of a grand scale Italian palazzo, and includes a dramatic four-story battlement tower with exterior staircase. The design, by artist Athos Menaboni, is loosely based on that of the Palazzo Vecchio in Florence, Italy., hence the building&#39;s name.</p><br>
<h2>Historic Status</h2><br>
<p>On August 3, 1989, The Palace of Florence Apartments were among several Davis Islands properties included in a Multiple Property Submission(or MPS) to be listed with the USA National Register of Historic Places. The MPS, named "Mediterranean Revival Style Buildings of Davis Islands", included a total of twenty-three historic structures, which were among the first ever built on the newly accessible Davis Islands during the Florida land boom of the 1920s.</p><br>
<p>The Palace of Florence Apartments underwent a complete restoration between 2002-2003.</p><br>
<p>The Centro Asturiano is a historic site in Ybor City, Tampa, Florida. It is located at 1913 Nebraska Avenue. On July 24, 1974, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. It was designed by Tampa architect M. Leo Elliott.</p><br>
<h2>History and Culture</h2><br>
<p>The Centro Asturiano de Tampa (Centro) is a social club for immigrants and the descendants of immigrants from Asturias, Spain. Historically, a hospital, cemetery and health insurance all came with membership, and the purpose of the club was to take care of members from before birth until after they died. Membership declined following the close of the hospital in 1990. The hospital was renovated in 2005 to provide affordable housing for seniors. All that remains of the old Centro is the social aspect and the cemetery.</p><br>
<p>The Centro is one of many Centros Asturianos that span Spain, the US, and the world.</p><br>
<p>In the late 1880s most of the traffic from Spain to the Americas consisted of bachelors going to Havana, Cuba looking for work. Those men who were married often immigrated alone, only to send for their families once well established in their new homeland. In Havana, there were many organizations, representing various regions of Spain, whose sole mission was to provide health assistance and “a little taste of home” for their members. The Centro Asturiano de La Habana was founded on May 2, 1886 to provide medical assistance, social activities, education, and recreational opportunities.</p><br>
<p>The cigar industry soon established many factories in Tampa that brought a wave of new immigrants from Spain, but especially from Cuba. At the time, US immigration law restricted immigration from Europe, but not from Cuba. Antonio Gonzales Prado, the first president of the Havana club, traveled to Tampa at the end of the century and was appointed chair of a committee whose purpose was to rectify the problem of no health care for the cigar workers. A social club already established in Tampa, El Centro Español de Tampa, made a brief but ultimately unsuccessful attempt at creating a health care system. Approval from the parent club in Havana for the new branch was crucial. Cigar manufacturers, local doctors and pharmacists had formed the Latin Medical Association to prevent the new club’s creation. The name of the club was official changed to The Centro Asturiano de Tampa, Inc. in 1968.</p><br>
<p>La Delegation De Centro Asturiano De La Havana en Tampa received a charter in 1907, but did not own the building or the hospital. The owner was El Centro Asturiano de la Havana, A corporation under the Laws of the Republic of Cuba.</p><br>
<h2>The Hospital</h2><br>
<p>At a meeting on March 24, 1902, Dr. G.H. Altree volunteered to be medical director for the new club. He offered the use of his clinic and sanitarium to Centro members in need of medical attention. By 1903, the society had grown so large that hotel space was leased to keep up with the growing medical needs until the first Covandong Sanitarium was opened in 1905; it boasted 54 beds. In 1927, a Second Covadonga Hospital was opened. Keeping with the strongly Catholic membership of the club, both buildings were named after the Virgin of Covadonga, when Our Lady Mary appeared in the 8th century, at the beginning of an extensive reconquest to free the Iberian Peninsula from Moorish rule.</p><br>
<p>In 1956, the Centro Asturiano Hospital, Inc was chartered and all facilities transferred to the new corporation. This was done so the hospital could qualify for federal funds and grants from private corporations.</p><br>
<h2>Cemeteries</h2><br>
<p>Two cemeteries were established for members of the Centro Asturiano and their families. The "Old" Centro Asturiano Cemetery was established in 1904 after the cemetery land was donated for the club&#39;s use by the city of Tampa. The club had inquired about the possibility of buying the land but it remains owned and maintained by the city. It is located in the Ybor City neighborhood at 2504 E.21st Avenue (not in Tampa Heights, as was previously reported.) Among the 601 interred at the Old Centro Asturiano Cemetery is club founder Antonio Gonzales Prado, who was buried there in 1904.</p><br>
<p>In 1942 the much larger Centro Asturiano Memorial Park was established. It is located along Tampas eastern border, just outside city limits and immediately north of the Grant Park neighborhood at 5400 East Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard. Here, over 2,300 deceased are buried or laid to rest in the mausoleum, which was added in 1970 and subsequently enlarged in 1998. Among them is USA Marine Corps First Lieutenant Baldomero Lopez, who gave his own life to save fellow soldiers during the Korean War, a sacrifice for which he was awarded the Medal of Honor. Lopezs valor is remembered with several monuments, including a state nursing home, a military resupply ship, and a nearby Seffner school which are named in his honor, as well as an engraved memorial erected by the Centro Asturiano near the entrance to the Memorial Park Cemetery.</p><br>
<p>The OLD Centro Asturiano Cemetery is located at 3698 N. Ola Avenue which is located within the Woodlawn Cemetery on the eastern side and it is maintained by the City of Tampa Parks Department. This is at the corner of Ola and Indiana Avenues in the north Tampa Heights neighborhood and it is still there today but no new burials are allowed. Please note that the address of 2504 E. 21st Avenue is the "OLD" Centro Espanol Cemetery and not the "OLD" Centro Asturiano Cemetery. They both served Spanish immigrants along with the Centro Asturiano Memorial Park of today located at 5400 E Martin Luther King Blvd, Tampa, FL.</p><br>
<h2>Now</h2><br>
<p>Membership declined following the close of the hospital in 1990. The main focus of the club has shifted from medical care, its original purpose, to preserving the history of the club and its members and to a more social function.</p><br>
<p>The current building, which has been in use since 1914, originally boasted a recreational floor, a floor largely devoted to study, and a party floor. The first floor hosted a gymnasium ( which is now closed but used for storage), a cantina for card, chess, and domino games, a billiard room with five tables ( which is now the Covadonga Room. It has its own bar and is a rental option), and a three lane bowling alley that has been converted into a storage area. The second floor holds offices for the club administrators, an extensive library, several reading and educational rooms, a smoking room which is also used during the day for dominoes and card games, ladies parlor and dressing lounge and the auditorium and stage. The third floor houses the balcony of the theatre and a large ballroom. The ballroom was and still is, to a lesser extent, used for public dances that were a main social interaction between young club members or their children. Many of the current club members met their spouses at a dance at the Centro. The ballroom also houses private parties such as birthdays, wedding receptions, anniversaries, and many other celebrations. When the building was opened in 1914, the Tampa Daily Times ran an article on the architecture and features of the new club headquarters: “It is a monument to the memory of those who have devoted their best endeavors to the welfare of the institution, and a palace to those who stand faithful to its noble ideals” (May 16, 1914).</p><br>
<p>El Circulo Cubano de Tampa  is a historic building constructed in 1917  to serve as a gathering place for Cuban immigrants in Ybor City, Tampa, Florida. It was designed by Tampa architect M. Leo Elliott. It is located at Palm Avenue and 14th Street. On November 15, 1972, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. On April 18, 2012, the AIA&#39;s Florida Chapter placed the building on its list of Florida Architecture: 100 Years. 100 Places as Cuban Club, Ybor City.</p><br>
<p>The building has a theater and once included a bowling alley, spa, pharmacy, ballroom, library, and cantina. Decorated with imported tile, stained glass, scraffito spandrels and murals it continues the legacy of the club first established in 1902 as a mutual aid society.</p><br>
<p>The El Centro Español of West Tampa is a historic site in the West Tampa neighborhood of Tampa, Florida, United States. It is located at 2306 North Howard Avenue . It was designed by Fred J. James. On July 30, 1974, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Centro of West Tampa was a branch of El Centro Español de Tampa of Ybor City, and was built using membership dues of cigar workers in Ybor City and West Tampa. Members could use either building for amenities such as a gym, casino (game room), cafe, health clinic, etc. Centro Español de West Tampa also included the Royal Theater where live stage shows were performed; later movies were shown in the Royal Theater.</p><br>
<p>The building was empty for years, and private attempts at restoration have been unsuccessful due to the high costs involved. However, the city of Tampa restored Centro and used it as a temporary home for the Tampa Museum of Art while a new museum building was built downtown.</p><br>
<p>Another chapter opened for El Centro Español of West Tampa with the execution of a 10-year lease between the City of Tampa and the in January 2010. The Hillsborough Education Foundation is a non-profit which has been garnering private resources to support public education since 1988. In 2007 the Foundation added Teaching Tools for Hillsborough Schools to its roster of programs. This is a resource store where teachers from Hillsborough schools with the greatest need may obtain free supplies for their students and classrooms. The store had been operated out of rented space and was in need of a permanent home. With the lease of Centro, now all Foundation programs and staff are housed in this historic building. Renovations continue, but as of June 14, 2010 the Foundation moved its programs into the building.</p><br>
<p>The Ybor Factory Building is a historic site in Tampa, Florida, United States. The main factory and its surrounding support buildings cover an entire city block between 8th Avenue and 9th Avenues and 13th and 14th Streets in the Ybor City Historic District section of the Ybor City neighborhood. C. E. Parcell is credited as the building&#39;s architect.</p><br>
<p>The factory was built in 1886 by Vicente Martinez-Ybor as he moved the production of his Príncipe de Gales ("Prince of Wales") cigar line from Key West to the new company town he founded just northeast of Tampa in 1885. The headquarters of Ybor&#39;s holding company was directly across 9th Avenue in the El Pasaje building, which was constructed at about the same time.</p><br>
<p>The three-story structure was the first brick cigar factory in Tampa and the largest cigar factory in the world at the time. Over the next few decades, skilled tabaqueros (cigar makers) would roll hundreds of millions of cigars on wooden workbenches set close together in the building&#39;s wide, sunlit rolling rooms.</p><br>
<p>After Ybor died in 1896, the building was owned by a succession of other cigar manufacturers and continued to be a productive cigar factory until after World War II, when the industry (and Ybor City in general) entered a long period of decline.</p><br>
<p>Over the next few decades, the buildings were vacant, then were used as gallery and studio space for artists, then converted to a festival marketplace called Ybor Square in the mid-1970s. In 2002, the buildings were converted to office space with the exception of a franchise of the Spaghetti Warehouse restaurant, which is still located in the former tobacco storage warehouse.</p><br>
<p>In 2010, the entire complex was purchased by the Church of Scientology, reportedly to consolidate a smaller location in Ybor City with another in West Tampa.</p><br>
<p>The Ybor Factory building was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places on November 15, 1972.</p><br>
<p>The USA Courthouse Building and Downtown Postal Station, also known as USA Post Office, Courthouse and Custom House or the USA Post Office, Courthouse and Custom House, is a historic courthouse of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida and later for the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida in Tampa, Florida, United States. It is located at 601 Florida Avenue. On June 7, 1974, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places as Federal Building, USA Courthouse, Downtown Postal Station.</p><br>
<p>Construction on the building was completed in 1905, under the supervision of James Knox Taylor, Supervising Architect `of the United States Department of the Treasury. It served as a courthouse of the Southern District of Florida from then until the creation of the Middle District in 1962, and then served as a courthouse for the Middle District of Florida until 2001. The building is now owned by the city of Tampa.</p><br>
<p>The building is now used as a hotel.</p><br>
<p>Býčí skála Cave  is part of the second longest cave system in the Moravia, Czech Republic. It is also famous for archaeological discoveries. Except for the entrance, the cave is not accessible to the public, although occasionally it is opened for visitors.</p><br>
<p>The cave is located in the central part of the Moravian Karst, in the Josefovské Valley (Josefovské údolí) between the town of Adamov and the village of Křtiny. Together with the cave system Rudické propadání Býčí skála forms the second longest cave system in the country, after the Amatérská Cave. Its known length is over 13 km.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The entrance to the cave was always known locally, with the first written mention coming from 1669. The cave was visited by two European monarchs: on 7.9.1804 the Holy Roman Emperor Francis II and on another occasion Alois I, Prince of Liechtenstein. During 1867-1873, the part named Předsíně was explored by the archaeologist Jindřich Wankel, who discovered a Palaeolithic settlement from around 100,000 - 10,000 BCE. Later, a statuette of a bronze bull was found, and starting in 1872 a large Hallstatt culture site had been excavated. The site contained animal and material offerings, crops, textiles, ceramic and sheet-metal vessels, jewellery, glass and amber beads.</p><br>
<p>According to Wankel, the skeletons of one man and forty young women were found. Some women were beheaded, some missing legs or hands. On a small "altar" a skull and severed hands were placed. Wankel&#39;s romantic interpretation was that he had discovered the grave of a nobleman, accompanied by ritually killed women. Other theories suggest the death of people hiding in the cave during a war or from an explosion of a gas or dust. Later research identified seventeen skeletons as men; the people ranged from children up to adults of 50–60 years old.</p><br>
<p>In 1920, when water was pumped out, another cave was discovered, the "Nová býčí skála" (The New Bull Rock Cave), with the Jedovnický brook (Jedovnický potok) running through it. During World War II, the Nazis built an underground factory in the cave, damaging the entrance area. After the war, a few more caves have been discovered (Sobolova (Barová), Májová, Prolomená and Proplavaná). In 1992, exploration of the brook was completed.</p><br>
<p>The cave contains a Neolithic picture, currently the oldest cave painting known in the Czech Republic. It depicts a geometrical shape resembling a grill with a size of 30x40 cm, painted in charcoal on the cave wall. The carbon was dated with the C14 radio-carbon method to be 5,200 years old. The pattern resembles the decorations on some ceramic vessels from that period.</p><br>
<p>Kentucky Camp is a ghost town and former mining camp along the Arizona Trail in Pima County, Arizona, United States, near the community of Sonoita. The Kentucky Camp Historic District is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and has been since 1995. As it is located within Coronado National Forest, the United States Forest Service is responsible for the upkeep of the remaining buildings within the Kentucky Camp Historic District.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>A freak accident that killed a mining engineer allowed Kentucky Camp to persist as it is today, a scenic canyon dotted with mesquites, oaks, tall grasses and cacti. The plans for the Kentucky Camp area in the realm of gold mining were ambitious but never really came to fruition.</p><br>
<h3>Early days</h3><br>
<p>In 1874 gold was discovered on the eastern slope of the Santa Rita Mountains. The area became known as the Greaterville mining district and proved to be one of the richest placer deposits in southern Arizona. Placer deposits consist of a mixture of gold, sand and gravel; to separate the substances, water is required. Generally, water is readily available to wash the mixture of sand, gravel, and gold. However, the arroyos of the Santa Rita Mountains are dry. Miners were required to haul the sacks of dirt to the few running streams in the area. Sometimes they would carry packed water, in canvas and goatskin bags, on the backs of burros to their claims. By 1886, much of the rich deposits that were worth such an effort were worked out and many miners gave up and moved on.</p><br>
<p>In 1902 a California mining engineer, James Stetson, had an idea to solve the water problem. His scheme involved channeling seasonal runoff from the mountain streams into a reservoir that would hold enough water to last ten months allowing him to keep a mine in operation. Stetson was able to convince a wealthy Californian, George McAneny to invest in his plan and with other investors from Tucson they formed the Santa Rita Water and Mining Company. The pair prospected the area of Greaterville and finally settled on a mining site in Boston Gulch. The headquarters was set up at nearby Kentucky Gulch and from 1902 until 1906, the buildings at Kentucky Camp served as the offices and residences for the mine employees.</p><br>
<p>By mid-1904, the company&#39;s water system was complete and they were doing hydraulic mining at Kentucky Camp.</p><br>
<h3>The fall of a camp and engineer</h3><br>
<p>One day before a meeting with stockholders in 1905 tragedy befell Stetson. He was killed in a fall from a window at the Santa Rita Hotel in Tucson. His partner&#39;s finances and health deteriorated and despite the effort of the other partners to keep the operation going, Kentucky Camp was abandoned by 1912.</p><br>
<h3>The town after 1912</h3><br>
<p>The buildings and land were purchased by an attorney for the McAneny family and until the 1960s the lands were used as a cattle ranch. During the 1960s the land was sold to ANAMAX Mining. The Forest Service acquired the land in 1989 and added it to the Coronado National Forest. The Forest Service is currently working with volunteers and others to preserve and interpret Kentucky Camp as a historic site related to mining in the American west.</p><br>
<h2>Kentucky Camp today</h2><br>
<p>The town was acquired by the USA Forest Service in 1989 through a land exchange. Since that time, it has been part of the Coronado National Forest and is being preserved and interpreted for a look at mining camp life.</p><br>
<h3>Buildings</h3><br>
<p>Today there are five adobe buildings at the town site. They were constructed circa 1904 and the largest building was probably the headquarters for the Santa Rita Water and Mining Company. Later, that same large building became the main ranch house as the land was used for cattle ranching. The small building behind the headquarters building was used to process gold samples, evidenced by liners that came from an assay furnace. Opposite a small house where Stetson may have lived are the remains of a ruined barn and another small adobe house remains at the far end of the site.</p><br>
<h3>Preservation</h3><br>
<p>Historic preservation has been underway at Kentucky Camp since 1991. The Forest Service has worked to stabilize the remaining buildings, including repairing roofs and walls in hopes of preventing further deterioration. Much of the work has been done by volunteers under the auspices of the Forest Service&#39;s Passport In Time program and the Friends of Kentucky Camp.</p><br>
<p>When the USFS acquired the property the buildings were in bad shape. The roofs had to be repaired first to keep water run off from contacting the crumbling adobe walls. The project was made possible by a $10,000 donation from the producers of the 1989-1992 TV show The Young Riders, which happened to be shooting in the area.</p><br>
<p>As of 2005 the Forest Service planned to restore the buildings to their original appearance during the mining era.</p><br>
<p>Mcaneny.jpgThis sketch of George McAneny is from a 1905 San Jose newspaper. He lost more than $150,000 investing in Kentucky Camp.</p><br>
<p>Hotel & Office Building Kentucky Camp Arizona 2014.jpegThe front of the hotel/office building.</p><br>
<p>Hotel & Office Interior Kentucky Camp Arizona 2014.jpegInside the hotel/office building.</p><br>
<p>Assay Office Kentucky Camp Arizona 2014.jpegThe assay office, where gold ore was processed.</p><br>
<p>Adobe House Kentucky Camp Arizona 2014.jpegThe adobe house believed to have been occupied by James Stetson.</p><br>
<p>Adobe House 2 Kentucky Camp Arizona 2014.jpegThe other adobe house.</p><br>
<p>Remains Of Barn & Early Automobile Kentucky Camp Arizona 2014.jpegThe remains of an adobe barn and an early automobile.</p><br>
<p>Ashcroft, originally known as Castle Forks City then Chloride until 1882, was a mining town located ten miles  south of Aspen, Colorado, United States. A few buildings remain standing as a testament to the town&#39;s past.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Early years</h3><br>
<p>In the spring of 1880 two prospectors, Charles B. Culver and W.F. Coxhead left the mining boomtown of Leadville in search of silver deposits in the Castle Creek Valley. Silver was found and Coxhead promoted their discovery with zeal back in Leadville. When he returned to "Castle Forks City," as it had been dubbed, he found that 23 other prospectors had joined "Crazy Culver." Together the men formed a Miners Protective Association, built a courthouse and laid out the streets in Ashcroft in just two weeks. Each of their associations members paid $5, or one days work, and $1, to draw for building lots. In all there were 97 members in the Ashcroft Miners Protective Association.</p><br>
<p>The town was renamed Ashcroft in 1882 after a rich ore strike was uncovered in Montezuma and Tam OShanter Mines. The mines were partially owned by H.A.W. Tabor of Leadville mining fame. Reportedly, Tabor and his second wife visited Ashcroft in 1883 and hosted a grand ball and banquet. Tabor also reportedly bought rounds of drinks for everyone in each of the towns 13 saloons.</p><br>
<p>The same year that Tabor visited Ashcroft the town population had risen to around 2,000. Ashcroft was also home to two newspapers, a school, sawmills, a small smelter and 20 saloons. At this point in its history the town was larger than Aspen and closer to the railroad in Crested Butte.</p><br>
<p>By 1885 the town was home to about 3,500 people, had six hotels and 20 saloons. As quickly as the town went boom it went bust.</p><br>
<h3>Decline</h3><br>
<p>The silver deposits that Culver and Coxhead initially discovered produced 14,000 ounces of silver to the ton at their onset. This production, however, was short-lived as the deposits were shallow. Though there were promises of a rail line to Crested Butte the promises never materialized and investors and workers were lured away to places such as Aspen. In 1884 another rich strike was discovered, this one, however, was in Aspen. This led to the end of the prosperity in Ashcroft as people began moving to Aspen.</p><br>
<p>By 1885 there were only 100 summer residents and $5.60 in the town coffers. By the turn of the 20th century, only a handful of aging, single men lived in Ashcroft. Though they all owned mining claims they spent most of their time fishing and hunting or reading and drinking in a local bar. The men traded stories for drinks and served as an informal employment agency, matching up men with the sporadic remaining work at the mines. Every four years the remaining citizens would hold municipal elections and choose officers from amongst themselves.</p><br>
<p>The town&#39;s last resident, Jack Leahy, died in 1939, making Ashcroft an official ghost town.</p><br>
<h3>Renewed interest</h3><br>
<p>The 1930s saw a new flurry of interest in the village, with the burgeoning winter Olympics and winter sports that drew attention to Ashcroft. International sportsman Ted Ryan and his partner Billy Fiske, captain of America&#39;s gold medal Olympic bobsled team, built the Highland-Bavarian Lodge north of Ashcroft. They planned to build a European style ski resort complete with an aerial tramway leading up to Mount Hayden. World War II put an end to their plans as Fiske was killed in combat and Ryan ended up leasing Ashcroft to the USA Army for $1 a year.</p><br>
<p>During World War II, the Armys 10th Mountain Division used Ashcroft for mountaineering training, mostly during the summer of 1942. Following the war, most of the areas ski development occurred in Aspen and Ryan later deeded the site to the USA Forest Service.</p><br>
<p>In 1948 World War II veteran Stuart Mace, also a well known dog sledder, brought his family and dog sled operation to Ashcroft. In 1955 Mace and his Toklat huskies were featured in the television series Sgt. Preston of the Yukon, and the ghost town was fitted with false fronts to imitate a Canadian set for the filming of the series through 1958. Mace was given the use of 5 acre of land in exchange for caretaking what remaining holdings Highland-Bavarian had in the Ashcroft area. He devoted the remainder of his life to protecting the area from development and restoring the ecology. He was joined in that effort in 1974 by the Aspen Historical Society which helped Ashcroft make it to the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.</p><br>
<p>Santimamiñe cave, Kortezubi, Biscay, Basque Country, Spain, is one of the most important archaeological sites of the Basque Country, including a nearly complete sequence from the Middle Paleolithic to the Iron Age.</p><br>
<p>Its complete sequence includes the following cultures:</p><br>
<p>Mousterian</p><br>
<p>Chatelperronian</p><br>
<p>Aurignacian</p><br>
<p>Gravettian</p><br>
<p>Solutrean</p><br>
<p>Magdalenian</p><br>
<p>Azilian</p><br>
<p>Plus unclassified remains of the Neolithic, Chalcolithic, Bronze and Iron ages.</p><br>
<p>It is best known for its mural paintings of the Magdalenian period, depicting bisons, horses, goats and deers.</p><br>
<p>Its excellent location over the Urdaibai estuary was probably most important in its continued habitation, first by Neanderthals and later by Homo sapiens.</p><br>
<p>Since 2008, it is one of the caves included as a World Heritage Site within "Cave of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain".</p><br>
<p>Ardotalia  is a Roman fort in Gamesley, near Glossop in Derbyshire, England.</p><br>
<p>Ardotalia was constructed by Cohors Primae Frisiavonum—The First Cohort of Frisiavones. Evidence for the existence of this unit exists not only from the building stone found at the site but also from various diplomas and other Roman writings.</p><br>
<p>This unit was assisted in constructing the fort by the 3rd Cohort of Bracara Augustani. These men were probably Iberian Celts from the colony of Braga in Portugal, who seem to have been attached to the XX Legion Valeria Victrix in Chester. Whilst it is unknown which of these Cohorts manned the fort, it seems more likely that the 3rd Cohort of Bracara Augustani performed this duty, as they were from a hilly region and so were more experienced in holding terrain such as that found around Glossop. The Frisiavones were from low-lying lands beyond the Rhine and so may have been divided between the lower terrain of Manchester and Northwich.</p><br>
<p>The First Cohort of Frisiavones were also present at Brocolitia, one of Hadrian&#39;s wall forts and settlements, at Carrawburgh, Northumberland. Evidence for this relies on an inscription on an altar stone, which tells us that Optio Maus (an NCO within the Cohort) had repaid a vow to the goddess Coventina. Whether this altar was the repayment of the vow is unknown.</p><br>
<p>The name Melandra is of unknown origin but may have been originated by the John Watson, Rector of Stockport, who visited the site c. 1771 when substantial stone remains existed. The name Ardotalia is a hypothetical emendation of Zerdotalia written in the Ravenna Cosmography. The site is a Scheduled Ancient Monument.</p><br>
<p>Rasletind is a mountain with two summits in Norway, the highest at 2105 m above sea level. It is located on the border between the municipalities of Vang and Vågå, , but the northwestern corner of the municipality of Øystre Slidre reaches the summit of Øystre Rasletind. It is the southeasternmost summits in the Jotunheimen mountain area. It is situated on the western side of the high mountain plain of Valdresflyi. It is the eastern end of the long east-west-trending Kalvehøgde massif. The summit can be observed from most of the mountain areas south and east of Jotunheimen.</p><br>
<p>Both summits are so close to the main route - later national route 51 - across Valdresflyi, so that it has been impossible to establish who was first to reach them. They are among the most easily available 2000-meter-summits in Norway.</p><br>
<p>The mountain is among the southernmost 2000 m peaks in Norway and is made of the extremely hard gabbro rock. The gabbro in Rasletind is of the normal "gray-with-black-specs" variety which can easily be observed on the slopes that are covered with snow most of the year and gives no support to lichen colonies. The view from the summits is one of the best in southern Norway. On a clear day, you can see almost as far as Oslo. You can see the Rondane range to the east-northeast and the Dovrefjell range to the north. Due south you see the summit of the beacon of Øystre Slidre, Bitihorn, and you also see the lakes of Vinstri and Bygdin.</p><br>
<p>Walk in a northwesterly direction until you reach the shoulder of the Raslet mountain. From here you can choose to hike directly towards the steep southeastern ridge. This ridge needs no equipment to be climbed, but it is steep. The easier choice is to hike towards the pass between the Eastern summit and the small summit on its eastern ridge. From here it is a rocky, but an easy hike to the summit. From the extremely flat eastern summit, it is easy to spot the route to the main summit. This short hike is no challenge except that it is rocky.</p><br>
<p>The greatest number of people climb the hikes in April and May after the National Route 51 has opened again after winter. On a sunny Saturday or Sunday you will never walk alone, and the number of alternative routes is higher than in summer. Many peakbaggers continue to the Kalvehøgde summits.</p><br>
<p>The Hölloch  is a 200.4 km long cave in the Muotathal municipality in Switzerland. In addition to being the second longest cave in Europe, it is also notable for having a depth of 938.6 m.</p><br>
<h2>Exploration</h2><br>
<p>The cave was first scientifically explored in 1875 by a group led by Alois Ulrich. Later expeditions in the 1950s by Alfred Bögli, one of the pioneers of speleology, managed to explore a large part of the cave.</p><br>
<p>The explored length of the cave increased from 25 km in 1952 to 100 km by 1968. It was the first cave in the world where the explored length reached 100 km, and until the linkage of the Flint Ridge Cave System to the Mammoth Cave System in 1972, it was believed to be the largest cave system in the world.</p><br>
<p>Despite this, exploration of the Hölloch continued, and in 1976 it had been mapped to approximately 130 km long.</p><br>
<h2>Tourism</h2><br>
<p>A portion of the cave near the entrance is open to visitors, but the remainder is restricted to qualified spelunkers owing to its enormous size.</p><br>
<p>Thompson Island is an island in the Boston Harbor, about 1 mile offshore from downtown Boston, Massachusetts. The island is managed by the Thompson Island Outward Bound Education Center, a non-profit education organization. The island is open to visitors on Saturdays and Sundays from Memorial Day through Labor Day; otherwise access is by arrangement only. Thompson Island is one of the largest, most accessible and ecologically diverse islands in the Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area.</p><br>
<p>The island has a size of 170 acre, and the highest point is a drumlin that reaches a height of 78 feet above sea level. The rest of the island comprises low rolling hills and a salt marsh. The island has a mixed vegetation, including hardwood tree stands, remnant pear and apple orchards, ornamental trees and shrubs, and salt marsh grasses. The island has open meadows, forests, marine wetlands, sumac groves, and a variety of other geological features as well. Amenities include a formal school campus complete with classrooms, dormitories, dining hall, auditoriums, gymnasium, lab space, outdoor challenge courses, and climbing towers. At low tide, a sandbar connects it to Squaw Rock on the Squantum peninsula, allowing land travel between the two.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1626, four years before the Puritans arrived, David Thompson established a trading post to trade with the Neponset Indians on the island that now bears his name. Thompson was a Scot who had been superintending the settlement of Sir Ferdinando Gorges and Captain John Mason near Portsmouth, New Hampshire. For the next two centuries, Thompson Island was leased to several families for farming.</p><br>
<h3>Boys school, 1833-1975</h3><br>
<p>In 1833, the Boston Asylum for Indigent Boys was moved to the island, and in 1835 it merged with the Boston Farm School Society to become the Boston Asylum and Farm School for Indigent Boys. Many of the students who went to school on the island lost one or both parents, or had parents who were unable to care for them. In order for a student to be enrolled in the school, the parents or guardians had to sign a form giving the school guardianship of the boys until they were 21 years old. While on the island, parents were only able to see their child once a month during visit days and for two weeks during the summer when the boys were allowed to return home. Many "distraught mothers" changed their minds about having their boys at the school and wanted to have them withdrawn. There are several documented cases where the school returned guardianship to the parents, who were then able to have their child come back home.</p><br>
<p>Throughout these years, there were two fatal boating accidents which resulted in the death of several students and faculty. The first was in 1842, where 29 individuals died. The second was in 1892, where 9 individuals died Thompson’s Island Collection Records, 1814-1990 (Bulk, 1814-1977). SC-0040. Descriptions of UMass Boston’s Collection (Finding Aids). Open Archives: Digital Collections at the University of Massachusetts Boston, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA. 17</p><br>
<p>June 2015 In 1955 the name was changed again to Thompson Academy. Thompson Academy became a college preparatory boarding school and continued the tradition of shelter and guidance to boys from the Boston area and beyond. During some very turbulent times, the school was a model of successful community integration based on friendship and brotherhood for several hundred boys of all backgrounds each year during the late 60s and into the mid-70s. Students participated in private school sports leagues, involved themselves in meaningful community service projects in Boston, maintained educational ties with local colleges and universities and assisted with the upkeep of Thompson Island and their school. The boys and their teachers traveled back and forth between Kelly&#39;s Landing in South Boston and the Island via the boats "Pilgrim III" and its successor, "Pilgrim IV", regularly. In 1971 a fire destroyed the main school building. The school continued to operate for another four years, closing in 1975. Many Thompson Island graduates went on to study at prestigious colleges and universities in the USA and elsewhere.</p><br>
<h3>Outward Bound, 1994-present</h3><br>
<p>In the early 1990s, David Manzo of Community Providers of Adolescent Services, Inc. d/b/a COMPASS, John Verre of the McKinley Schools, Edward F. Kelley of RFK Children&#39;s Action Corp, and Peter Willauer of Thompson Island Outward Bound Education Center, created a comprehensive residential treatment program called Citybound, for adolescents with emotional and behavioral disabilities on Thompson Island.</p><br>
<p>The Willauer School, an expeditionary learning Outward Bound school operated from 1994 to 2006. The island is currently owned by the Thompson Island Outward Bound Education Center and operates Outward Bound programs that brings more than 5,000 students and 3,000 adults a year to the island. Thompson Island Outward Bound supports its mission through donations and profits from Thompson Island Conference Center (event business running corporate outings and social events) and Outward Bound Professional (adult team-building).</p><br>
<p>The Cairo apartment building, located at 1615 Q Street NW in Washington, D.C., is a landmark in the Dupont Circle neighborhood and the District of Columbias tallest residential building. Designed by architect Thomas Franklin Schneider and completed in 1894 as the citys first "residential skyscraper", the 164 ft-tall brick building spurred local regulations and federal legislation that continue to shape Washington&#39;s cityscape.</p><br>
<p>Today, the Cairo is a condominium building, home to renters and owners of apartments ranging in size from small studios to multi-level two- and three-bedroom units.</p><br>
<h2>Appearance</h2><br>
<p>The Egyptian theme of the building is stamped across its Moorish and Romanesque Revival features. Gargoyles perch high above the front entrance; some are winged griffins staring down from cornices, and others are more lighthearted. Along the first floor are elephant heads, which look left and right from the stone window sills of the front windows and which interlock trunks at the corners of the entrance arch. On the fourth floor are dragon and dwarf crosses. The carved stone façade hints at more exotic Middle Eastern origins.</p><br>
<p>The U-shaped building surrounds a Zen stone garden courtyard. The stone front steps lead up through a glass foyer into a marble-floored lobby with Egyptian columns and a lounge. A large mirror and photographs of the buildings construction and other contemporary scenes adorn the lobbys eastern wall. Two square columns of red-orange marble anchor the space in front of two elevators, which serve the tenants of the 12 floors above. Between the elevators is a stairway that leads down through double glass doors into the central courtyard.</p><br>
<p>At the two interior southern corners are wide staircases of marble and wrought iron that span the height of the building. Some sections of hallways are marble-floored, and each apartments outside door handle is a marble orb. Apartments have exposed red brick walls. The AIA Guide to the Architecture of Washington, D.C. summed up the design: "For all its quirks, the awkward tower reigns as one of Washingtons guilty pleasures."</p><br>
<p>The Cairos rooftop deck provides one of the most expansive views of the Districts northwest skyline. Visible locations include the Washington National Cathedral, Georgetown, the Washington Monument, the Capitol, and The Catholic University of America.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>At 12 floors, the Cairo towers above nearby buildings. At its opening in 1894, the buildings height caused a tremendous uproar among local residents, who dubbed it "Schneiders Folly" and lobbied Congress to limit the height of residential buildings in the District of Columbia to prevent more skyscrapers from being built. The resulting Height of Buildings Act of 1899, and subsequent zoning laws, have restricted the heights of buildings in Washington, D.C.</p><br>
<p>Around 1900, the building was renamed the Cairo Hotel and became a center of D.C. society, with its ballroom frequently the center of social and political gatherings. Its guests and tenants have included F. Scott Fitzgerald, Thomas Edison, and other powerful political figures.</p><br>
<p>On March 15, 1897, the deposed queen of Hawaii, Queen Liliuokalani, stayed in the Cairo while she lobbied President Grover Cleveland for compensation for the USA overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom in January 1893. On February 15, 1905, the Cairo swirled with intrigue when, during a labor union strike, painter J. Frank Hanby fell to his death when the ropes supporting him broke. The ropes were found possibly to have been cut by acid, leading to a grand jury investigation into the cause of death and many high-profile articles in The Washington Post. The high society of Washington often held meetings at the Cairo Hotel, such as that between the Woman&#39;s National Democratic League and a Congressman from New Mexico in 1913.</p><br>
<p>The December 2, 1923 Washington Post contained an advertisement for the Cairo Hotel that read: In June 1940, a newspaper headline reported "Two Bandits Rob Cairo Hotel, Escape in Chase".</p><br>
<p>A party held on the night of November 30, 1940, featured 500 canaries singing beneath the chandeliers in the grand ballroom. The building also had a bowling alley and a coffee shop.</p><br>
<p>In 1954, the Cairo Hotel hosted Sunday mambo parties, played by Buddy Rowell and promoted by Maurice Gervitsch, known as "Groggy". The dances were featured a 12-piece band, and (in segregated 1950s D.C.) had mainly white and Jewish attendance. These glamorous and sensational days lasted into the late 1950s.</p><br>
<p>The building was sold in 1957 as a 267-room hotel, and on October 12 the new owners announced plans to spend $100,000 refurbishing the structure. In 1958, a fire caused by an electrical short-circuit on the sixth floor led to $25,000 worth of damage, but no structural problems.</p><br>
<p>The Cairo began to decline during the 1960s, when it was inhabited by squatters, prostitutes, drug addicts, student protesters, criminals, and even feral dogs. In June 1964, the FBI tracked a 24-year-old escaped convict to the building.</p><br>
<p>In 1966, the D.C. Department of Health considered leasing the run-down building for use as a rehabilitation center for alcoholics. After a series of failed attempts at renovation, including a closure on August 7, 1972, the building was restored in 1974 under the leadership of architect Arthur Cotton Moore. It was converted into condominiums in 1979.</p><br>
<p>At the building&#39;s centennial celebration in October 1994, Ross Elementary school students sang "Happy Birthday" to the building in thanks for a $1,000 donation made by the Cairo Condominium Unit Owners Association. Ward 2 Council member Jack Evans read a proclamation declaring it "Cairo Day" in DC. Of the building, he said, "It is a real monument in the area."</p><br>
<h3>21st century</h3><br>
<p>On May 29, 2007, a fire emptied the Cairo of its roughly 400 residents. At least nine emergency vehicles responded to the blaze. The fire heavily damaged one of the central units of the tenth floor. Firewalls prevented its spread, although some other units suffered water damage.</p><br>
<p>The building was repointed between 2007 and 2009, a $2.1 million project funded by the condominium owners, who paid fees ranging from $7,980 to more than $25,000, depending on the size of their apartments.</p><br>
<p>In summer 2010, the lobbys years-old carpet was pulled up, exposing the original terrazzo flooring for restoration. It revealed echoes of the façades middle-eastern theme, with sandy hues and an interlocking tile pattern.</p><br>
<p>Columbia Point is a high mountain summit of the Crestones in the Sangre de Cristo Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America. The 13,986 ft thirteener is located 8.8 km east by south  of the Town of Crestone in Saguache County, Colorado, United States. The Crestones are a cluster of high summits in the Sangre de Cristo Range, comprising Crestone Peak, Crestone Needle, Kit Carson Peak, Challenger Point, Humboldt Peak, and Columbia Point.</p><br>
<p>Columbia Point is subpeak of Kit Carson Mountain. It was known informally as Kat Carson, but was officially named Columbia Point in 2003 to honor the seven astronauts who died when the Space Shuttle Columbia disintegrated during re-entry on February 1, 2003. With a topographic prominence over 300 ft, it qualifies as a separate summit under the standard cutoff, but it is not a well-known peak.</p><br>
<h2>The Memorial</h2><br>
<p>The USGS Board of Geographic Names approved the name of Columbia Point in June, 2003. On the weekend of August 7, 2003, a group consisting of family members, astronauts, friends and climbers installed a memorial plaque on the summit. The trip included a dedication service for the memorial, and an F16 flyby in missing man formation.</p><br>
<p>The plaque reads:</p><br>
<h2>Historical names</h2><br>
<p>Columbia Point – 2003</p><br>
<p>East Summit</p><br>
<p>Kat Carson Mountain</p><br>
